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Colostrum

Also known as: First Milk, Bovine colostrum

Overview

Colostrum is a pre-milk fluid produced in the mammary glands of mammals that have recently given birth. Newborns have immature digestive and immune systems, so the enzymes, antibodies, and growth factors colostrum provides promote growth and fight disease. Though colostrum is produced by all mammals, colostrum supplements are usually derived from bovine or (less frequently) goat sources. Colostrum has become a popular nutritional supplement because it is a rich source of enzymes, antibodies, and growth factors not found in other dairy products. The undeveloped intestinal tract of a newborn allows the growth factors present in colostrum to pass freely through the intestinal wall for absorption. However, fully-developed adult mammal intestines will break down the beneficial compounds before they can be absorbed into the blood stream. Though digestive enzymes prevent colostrum growth factors from affecting muscles, they will still exert a local effect, which increase intestinal integrity. This prevents inflammation, like the kind that can be caused by prolonged, intense exercise, like competitive cycling. Outside of intense exercise, supplementing colostrum will have an effect similar to supplementing whey protein or casein protein. Athletes often supplement colostrum in an effort to increase fat burning, add lean mass, or increase strength. Since their digestive systems are fully developed, these effects do not occur, and the body breaks down the growth factors and enzymes that colostrum provides before they can be transported to muscle cells. The antibodies present in colostrum are also effective at reducing diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli and reducing the risk of HIV infection. To prevent E. coli-induced diarrhea, the colostrum must be obtained from an immunized animal.

Benefits

Colostrum works by providing a rich source of enzymes, antibodies, and growth factors that support the immune and digestive systems. In newborns, these components are crucial for promoting growth and fighting disease due to their immature digestive and immune systems. The growth factors in colostrum can pass through the intestinal wall in newborns, aiding in absorption. However, in adults, the fully-developed intestines break down these beneficial compounds before they can enter the bloodstream. Despite this, colostrum can still enhance intestinal integrity and prevent inflammation, particularly after intense exercise.

How it works

Colostrum supplementation may offer several benefits, including: 1. **Immune Support**: The antibodies in colostrum can help reduce the risk of infections, including diarrhea caused by E. coli and potentially HIV. 2. **Digestive Health**: Colostrum can improve intestinal integrity and reduce inflammation, which is beneficial for gut health. 3. **Athletic Performance**: While athletes may seek colostrum for fat burning and muscle gain, its effects are limited due to the breakdown of growth factors in fully developed digestive systems.

Side effects

The standard colostrum dose intended as a protein supplement or intestinal health agent is between 20-60g. This dose contains 2-4g (10-20%) of immunoglobulin. Colostrum is supplemented through a powder form. A colostrum dose intended to reduce the risk of E. coli-induced diarrhea should contain between 400-3,500mg of immunoglobulins and should be taken shortly after a meal. Colostrum intended to reduce the risk of diseases related to E. coli must come from a cow (or similar animal) that has been immunized against E. coli.

Dosage

Colostrum is generally considered safe for most people when taken in appropriate doses. However, potential side effects may include gastrointestinal discomfort, diarrhea, and allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to dairy products. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting colostrum supplementation, especially for those with underlying health conditions or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding.