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Black Pepper

Also known as: Piper Nigrum, Piperaceae, Piperine

Overview

Black Pepper is a source of piperine, a molecule that does not do much on its own but can inhibit enzymes that would attack other molecules. Due to this, it is ingested alongside some supplements to increase their absorption rates and is almost always consumed with curcumin. Black Pepper is a spice commonly used in many areas of the world for flavor. Through its active component Piperine, Black Pepper is able to modify supplement and drug metabolism. A process in the liver called glucuronidation, which attaches a molecule (glucuronide) to drugs to signal for their urinary excretion, is inhibited with piperine. This process prevents excessive levels of drugs and supplements in the body, but sometimes inhibits all uptake and renders some supplements useless. In the scenario of piperine ingestion, excretion of supplements is hindered and certain drugs and supplements can bypass this regulatory stage (as not all are subject to it). This is good in some cases, as Piperine is required to give curcumin to the extremities rather than it getting consumed by glucuronidation in the liver. However, in some other cases it can lead to elevated levels of certain drugs in the blood. Again, elevated could be good or bad depending on context; regardless, caution should be taken when approaching this compound.

Benefits

Black Pepper works primarily through its active component, piperine, which inhibits the glucuronidation process in the liver. This process normally attaches glucuronide to drugs and supplements to signal for their excretion. By inhibiting this process, piperine can enhance the absorption of certain supplements and drugs, allowing them to remain in the body longer and potentially increasing their effectiveness. However, this mechanism can also lead to elevated levels of certain substances in the bloodstream, which may have varying effects depending on the context.

How it works

The benefits of Black Pepper primarily stem from its ability to enhance the bioavailability of other supplements and drugs. By inhibiting glucuronidation, piperine allows for better absorption of compounds like curcumin, which is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, Black Pepper may have antioxidant effects, support digestive health, and improve nutrient absorption. Its role in enhancing the effectiveness of other supplements makes it a valuable addition to various health regimens.

Side effects

The usage of black pepper extract for the purpose of enhancing the absorption of other supplements that are glucuronidated (for example, curcumin) tends to call for 20mg of the bioactive piperine.

Dosage

While Black Pepper is generally safe for most people when used in culinary amounts, excessive intake of piperine may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea and diarrhea. It may also interact with certain medications by altering their metabolism, leading to increased effects or side effects. Caution should be taken when combining Black Pepper with other supplements or medications, particularly those that are metabolized by the liver.