Myricitrin
Also known as: Myricitrin, 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone, Myricetin
Overview
Myricetin is a naturally occurring flavonol belonging to the flavonoid family, primarily found in fruits, vegetables, tea, and various herbs. This compound is recognized for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Initial research suggests that myricetin may play a role in managing metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and certain types of cancer, especially through its ability to enhance glucose metabolism and improve lipid profiles. Myricetin has demonstrated potential to lower blood glucose and LDL cholesterol levels while also inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, contributing to its anti-cancer potential. Despite these findings, the majority of current research derives from animal studies, and there is a pressing need for clinical trials to better understand its safety and efficacy in human populations.
Benefits
Myricetin supplementation has shown promising results in animal studies, significantly impacting metabolic health. For example, reductions in blood glucose levels (-1.45 Standardized Mean Difference (SMD)), insulin (-1.78 SMD), triacylglycerol (-2.60 SMD), and LDL cholesterol (-2.95 SMD) were reported. Additionally, its anti-cancer properties have been evidenced by its ability to promote cancer cell apoptosis and support tumor regression in mouse models. However, uncertainties exist due to a lack of strong evidence from human trials, making it inconclusive whether these benefits can be effectively translated to human health. Therefore, more robust research is necessary to authenticate these findings in human clinical populations.
How it works
Myricetin enhances insulin sensitivity by modulating the insulin signaling pathway, which improves glucose metabolism. It also contributes to lipid metabolism by reducing triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels. In cancer biology, myricetin inhibits the activity of PIM1 kinase, disrupting cell cycle progression and triggering apoptosis in cancerous cells, highlighting its complex interaction with metabolic and cardiovascular systems.
Side effects
The safety profile of myricetin is generally favorable based on animal studies, with no common adverse effects noted. However, the lack of comprehensive human data raises concerns about potential unreported side effects. Caution is advised for individuals on medications affecting glucose and lipid metabolism due to possible interactions. Although no specific contraindications have been documented, individuals with pre-existing health conditions and pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare professionals before considering myricetin supplementation to ensure its safety.
Dosage
Current literature suggests a minimal effective dose of 25 mg/kg for myricetin based on animal studies, with optimal effective ranges reported at 100-200 mg/kg for improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, maximum safe dosages for humans have yet to be fully established. Evidence indicates that prolonged supplementation, particularly beyond a 10-week duration, may yield more significant outcomes. Due to variations in absorption and effectiveness, further research is essential to determine appropriate dosage guidelines for human populations.
FAQs
Is myricetin effective as a human supplement?
Current data is primarily from animal studies, and human clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.
What are the known side effects of myricetin?
No significant side effects are identified in animals, but human side effects remain largely undocumented.
What dosage should I take?
No established dosage is available for humans; animal studies suggest 100-200 mg/kg as effective.
Can I replace my medications with myricetin?
No, myricetin should not replace prescribed medical treatments; consult a healthcare provider for guidance.
Is myricetin safe for pregnant women?
Safety in pregnant or breastfeeding women is not established; consult a healthcare provider before use.
