Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) Dry Extract
Also known as: Common bean, white kidney bean, dry bean extract, Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Overview
Phaseolus vulgaris dry extract is a botanical supplement derived from the common bean seed, primarily known for its alpha-amylase inhibitory activity. This extract is commonly utilized as a dietary aid for weight management and body fat reduction by limiting the digestion and absorption of starches. The active components, alpha-amylase inhibitors, block the enzyme responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars, thereby reducing caloric intake from starches and mitigating postprandial glucose spikes. Research on P. vulgaris extract is robust, with multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses supporting its efficacy and safety. The evidence quality is generally good, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs with adequate sample sizes and appropriate controls, making it a well-researched option for those seeking to manage carbohydrate intake.
Benefits
The primary benefit of Phaseolus vulgaris dry extract is its ability to promote weight loss and reduce body fat. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials consistently show statistically significant reductions in both body weight and body fat. For instance, one meta-analysis of 11 RCTs involving 573 participants reported an average weight loss of -1.08 kg and a body fat reduction of 3.26 kg. Another systematic review of 6 RCTs confirmed these weight loss benefits with no serious adverse events. Proprietary extracts, such as Phase 2, standardized for alpha-amylase inhibitory units, have demonstrated a 3.5% reduction in body weight over 3 months, which is considered physiologically relevant and may contribute to a 16% reduction in diabetes risk per kilogram lost. Beyond weight management, animal models suggest secondary benefits including improved gut barrier function and anti-inflammatory effects, indicating broader metabolic advantages. These benefits are typically observed within 8–12 weeks of consistent supplementation.
How it works
The primary mechanism of action for Phaseolus vulgaris dry extract involves the inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme activity within the gastrointestinal tract. Alpha-amylase is responsible for breaking down complex starches into simpler sugars, which are then absorbed. By inhibiting this enzyme, the extract reduces starch hydrolysis and subsequent glucose absorption, leading to decreased caloric intake from carbohydrates and attenuated postprandial blood glucose spikes. Animal studies also indicate that the extract may influence intestinal barrier integrity and modulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). These additional effects could contribute to anti-inflammatory responses and broader metabolic regulation. The extract's efficacy relies on its stability in the acidic conditions of the stomach, with proprietary formulations designed to maintain activity through the digestive process.
Side effects
Phaseolus vulgaris dry extract is generally well-tolerated, with most reported side effects being mild and gastrointestinal in nature. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, include flatulence, soft stools, constipation, and occasional headaches. These symptoms are typically mild and have not shown a significant difference from placebo groups in randomized controlled trials. No serious adverse events or significant drug interactions have been reported in high-quality clinical trials. While contraindications are not extensively defined, individuals with known allergies to legumes or pre-existing digestive disorders should exercise caution. Furthermore, there is insufficient safety data for special populations such as pregnant or lactating women and children, thus its use in these groups is not recommended without medical supervision.
Dosage
Effective dosages of Phaseolus vulgaris dry extract in clinical trials typically range from 500 mg to 3000 mg daily, with the extract standardized for its alpha-amylase inhibitor activity. Optimal efficacy is generally observed with doses between 1000 mg and 3000 mg per day, often divided and taken immediately before carbohydrate-rich meals. This timing is crucial to maximize enzyme inhibition during starch digestion. For consistent results, proprietary extracts standardized to at least 3000 alpha-amylase inhibiting units (AAIU) are preferred. Since the mechanism of action is primarily luminal enzyme inhibition rather than systemic absorption, factors related to absorption into the bloodstream are less critical. Adhering to these dosage guidelines helps ensure the extract's effectiveness in reducing carbohydrate absorption.
FAQs
Is it safe for long-term use?
Current evidence supports safety for up to 3 months; longer-term data are limited, so consult a healthcare professional for extended use.
How soon can weight loss be expected?
Modest weight loss benefits are typically observed within 8–12 weeks of consistent supplementation when combined with a healthy diet.
Does it work without diet changes?
While it can have some effect, its benefits are modest; combining it with calorie control and a balanced diet significantly improves outcomes.
Can it cause hypoglycemia?
No significant hypoglycemia has been reported, as it modulates carbohydrate absorption rather than directly affecting insulin secretion.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5920428/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 RCTs (n=573) evaluated alpha-amylase inhibitor extracts from P. vulgaris. It found significant reductions in body weight (-1.08 kg) and fat mass (-3.26 kg), despite some heterogeneity in study designs. The study concluded that the extract is effective for weight and fat loss.
- https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/efficacy-of-phaseolus-vulgaris-as-a-weightloss-supplement-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-randomised-clinical-trials/486488712F3A8CE3A25D97533A21DDEB – This systematic review included 6 RCTs (n=247) focusing on the weight loss efficacy of P. vulgaris. It confirmed modest weight loss benefits and a good safety profile, noting that while sample sizes were often small and study durations short, the overall evidence supported its use.
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-63443-8 – This meta-analysis of RCTs specifically on the proprietary extract Phase 2, standardized for alpha-amylase inhibitor content, reported a 3.5% body weight reduction over 12 weeks. It highlighted the physiological relevance of this weight loss, linking it to a potential reduction in diabetes risk. The study was of high quality with well-powered sample sizes.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.930832/full – This research explored additional effects of P. vulgaris extract beyond alpha-amylase inhibition, specifically in animal models. It indicated potential benefits on intestinal barrier integrity and modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), suggesting broader anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory roles.