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Urtica Dioica

Also known as: stinging nettle, nettle, Urtica dioica

Overview

*Urtica dioica*, or stinging nettle, is a perennial plant widely distributed across Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is notable for its medicinal properties, particularly its roots and leaves. Traditionally, stinging nettle has been utilized in herbal medicine for conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), type 2 diabetes, and various inflammatory disorders. This plant is rich in beneficial compounds including phytosterols, lignans, and polysaccharides, which underscore its therapeutic potential. Research on *Urtica dioica* is moderate in maturity, yet several clinical trials and meta-analyses have been conducted, reflecting generally good evidence supporting its efficacy and safety, though further high-quality studies are warranted to provide more definitive conclusions.

Benefits

Key evidence-backed benefits of *Urtica dioica* include: (1) for BPH, a meta-analysis indicated significant improvements in urinary symptoms, specifically a decrease in the International Prostate Symptom Score (SMD of -10.47) and increased urinary flow rate (SMD of 4.37). (2) In relation to type 2 diabetes, consumption was associated with a decrease in fasting blood glucose (-17.17 mg/dl) and HbA1c (-0.93%). Secondary benefits include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, potentially benefitting individuals dealing with inflammatory conditions. Notably, benefits are prominently observed among men with BPH and those managing type 2 diabetes, with effects typically arising within weeks to months of consistent intake.

How it works

*Urtica dioica* exerts its effects through modulation of immune responses and potential inhibition of prostatic growth factors, exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties that engage various body systems, particularly urinary and endocrine. Its molecular interaction focuses on sex hormone-binding globulin receptors and membrane adenosine triphosphatase in the prostate, facilitating its role in managing symptoms of BPH and glycemic control. Though generally well-tolerated when ingested, specific data on absorption and bioavailability remains limited.

Side effects

The safety profile of *Urtica dioica* is generally favorable, with minimal adverse effects reported in clinical contexts. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset, occurring in greater than 5% of users. Less commonly, individuals may experience allergic reactions or skin irritations, reported in 1-5% of cases. Rare adverse effects are not well-documented. Caution is advised for individuals on blood thinners or diabetes medications due to potential interactions. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid its use due to insufficient safety data. Additionally, care should be taken by people with kidney or liver diseases.

Dosage

For therapeutic use, *Urtica dioica* typically falls within a dosage range of 360-600 mg per day, with 400-600 mg being optimal for most applications. Although not definitively established, doses above 600 mg are generally not recommended without medical guidance. Daily consistency in dosing is pivotal, preferably taken with meals to improve absorption. Forms like capsules and extracts are commonly employed, with absorption potentially enhanced when consumed alongside fatty foods.

FAQs

How should *Urtica dioica* be taken for best results?

It is best taken consistently with meals to enhance absorption and efficacy.

Is *Urtica dioica* safe for everyone?

While generally safe, individuals who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have specific health concerns should consult a healthcare provider before use.

What effects can I expect from using *Urtica dioica*?

Users may observe improvements in urinary symptoms related to BPH and better glycemic control within a few weeks of consistent use.

Can *Urtica dioica* interact with medications?

Yes, it may interact with blood thinners and diabetes medications; consult your healthcare provider.

Is *Urtica dioica* a cure for diabetes or BPH?

No, it's not a cure but may assist in managing symptoms when used under medical supervision.

Research Sources

https://www.bioline.org.br/pdf?tc16040 – This meta-analysis found *Urtica dioica* to effectively treat symptoms of BPH, showing significant improvements in urinary scores and flow rates, although more studies are recommended for comprehensive validation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39000608/ – A systematic review reported that *Urtica dioica* consumption notably enhances glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes, though the heterogeneity among studies suggests a need for further investigation.
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajtcam/article/view/130701 – This review highlighted the therapeutic benefits of *Urtica dioica*, addressing its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, including emerging evidence on anticancer potential, though it lacks clinical trial substantiation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34587883/ – A comprehensive review armed with systematic data revealed various health benefits of stinging nettle, emphasizing its role in chronic conditions but underscoring the need for robust clinical studies.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31802554/ – This clinical study illustrated *Urtica dioica*'s potential in managing type 2 diabetes, reinforcing its application while cautiously outlining its interactions and contraindications in certain populations.