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Standardized Dandelion Extract

Also known as: Dandelion, Taraxacum, Lion's Tooth, Taraxacum mongolicum, Taraxacum officinale

Overview

Dandelion, scientifically known as *Taraxacum officinale*, is a plant from the Asteraceae family. Native to Europe, it now thrives throughout the Northern Hemisphere. This herb is recognized for its culinary uses and potential medicinal benefits. It is rich in phytonutrients, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, which contribute to its therapeutic properties. Dandelion has been traditionally employed to alleviate digestive issues, combat inflammation, and address a variety of health concerns. Current scientific exploration underscores its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, although the body of clinical evidence remains limited and primarily consists of preclinical studies. Research suggests that standardized dandelion extract may offer significant health benefits, particularly in treating certain types of cancer and supporting digestive health.

Benefits

Standardized dandelion extract exhibits several evidence-based benefits. Key among them is its anticancer effect, as it has shown capacity to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and colorectal cancer, reducing tumor volume and cell viability through metabolic pathway modulation. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of dandelion root extracts have been demonstrated in various models, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, dandelion extracts are linked to improved digestive health, though most evidence arises from preclinical studies. Overall, while promising, the breadth of clinical data is still limited, necessitating further investigation for broader applications.

How it works

Dandelion extract's efficacy stems from its interaction with critical biological pathways. It impairs common cancer cell survival routes, notably by downregulating CHKA expression and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolism and proliferation. Furthermore, taraxasterol, a key component, mitigates oxidative stress and curtails inflammation by modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production, engaging the immune system and influencing lipid metabolic processes.

Side effects

Dandelion is generally considered safe for consumption; however, comprehensive safety data from large-scale clinical trials are scarce. Clinically, it may cause mild gastrointestinal upset or allergic reactions, though these are infrequently documented. Rare side effects are not reported in the scientific literature. Caution is advised for individuals on diuretic or anticoagulant therapy due to potential interactions, as well as for those with allergies to Asteraceae family plants or with gallstones. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare professionals before use, given the insufficient data on safety for these populations. Despite its traditional use suggesting good tolerability, users should remain aware of the potential for individual sensitivities.

Dosage

The dosing of standardized dandelion extract can vary significantly depending on the intended application. Preclinical studies suggest ranges from 0.01 to 100 mg/ml or approximately 50-100 mg/kg in animal models. However, optimal human dosages are not yet well-established and typically require further investigation. Timing and administration protocols appear to be inconsistent among studies, and any supplementation should adhere to established clinical dosing guidelines as data on safe upper limits remain inconclusive. Dandelion can be taken in protocols that recommend regular dosing intervals, with variations in form, such as water-soluble or ethanol extracts, which may influence absorption.

FAQs

Is dandelion safe to use?

Dandelion is generally considered safe, but lacks extensive clinical safety data. Individuals should consult healthcare providers, especially if they are using other medications or have underlying health conditions.

What are the typical uses of dandelion?

Dandelion has been used traditionally for digestive health, reducing inflammation, and potentially treating certain cancer types, although more research is required.

How long before dandelion shows effects?

While preclinical studies indicate effects may be seen within 24 hours to several days, clinical timelines for benefits in humans still need clarification.

Can dandelion interact with medications?

Yes, dandelion may interact with diuretics, anticoagulants, and diabetes medications. Consult healthcare providers before use.

Research Sources

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.942996/full – This study investigates the effects of dandelion extract on triple-negative breast cancer, illustrating its ability to inhibit cancer cell growth through key metabolic processes.
https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article-abstract/70/9/534/1835513?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false – A comprehensive review detailing the diverse biological effects of dandelion, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2024.12544 – Research focusing on dandelion root extracts and their components like taraxasterol, showing their efficacy against colorectal cancer, inflammation, and oxidative stress.