Pterocarpus Marsupium Heart Wood Extract
Also known as: Indian Kino Tree, Malabar Kino, Asana, Bijasar, *Pterocarpus marsupium*
Overview
*Pterocarpus marsupium* is a tree native to India renowned for its heartwood, traditionally utilized in Ayurvedic medicine for various ailments, particularly diabetes management. The heartwood contains beneficial compounds such as pterostilbene, (-)-epicatechin, and flavonoids, contributing to its therapeutic appeal. Primary applications include enhancing cardiovascular health, acting as an antioxidant, and possessing anti-inflammatory properties. Although there are promising findings from in vitro and animal studies, the evidence from human clinical trials is still limited, necessitating further research to confirm efficacy and safety. The extract is available in various forms, including decoctions and infused extracts, aligning with its historical use in traditional medicine.
Benefits
Key evidence-based benefits of *Pterocarpus marsupium* include significant antidiabetic effects, demonstrated by improved glucose uptake in HepG2 cells and animal models. Additionally, the extract shows promise in lipid profile improvement, evidenced by reductions in serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels. Secondary benefits encompass notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties attributed to pterostilbene, as well as potential cardiotonic effects. While beneficial for individuals with diabetes and those seeking antioxidant support, limited data on human populations requires cautious interpretation. More high-quality trials are necessary to establish the clinical significance and confirm effect sizes, particularly in diabetic patients.
How it works
*Pterocarpus marsupium* functions primarily through its antioxidant pathways by scavenging free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress on cellular structures. It enhances glucose metabolism, particularly in hepatocytes, as evidenced by improved glucose uptake. The extract may interact with insulin signaling pathways, impacting lipid metabolism and contributing to its antidiabetic effects. Pterostilbene, a major active compound, likely targets enzymes involved in inflammation, adding another layer to its mechanism; however, further exploration into its absorption and bioavailability is needed.
Side effects
Overall, *Pterocarpus marsupium* is generally considered safe based on its traditional use and preliminary clinical studies, although comprehensive safety data is scarce. Common and uncommon side effects are not well-documented in the literature, leaving questions about prevalence and severity unanswered. Potential drug interactions with anti-diabetic medications advise caution, as the extract's glucose-lowering properties may enhance the effects of these drugs. There are no well-established contraindications, but pregnant or lactating women should consider avoiding use due to insufficient safety data. Individuals with diabetes or those on glucose-regulating medications should approach this supplement carefully, monitoring blood sugar levels.
Dosage
Current dosing guidelines for *Pterocarpus marsupium* lack standardized recommendations, with traditional dosage practices varying significantly. No minimum effective dose is established, and optimal dosage ranges remain unclear. Preliminary studies suggest that doses around 200 mg/day of a standardized extract (containing 90% pterostilbene) are safe for healthy adults; however, this data does not include diabetic populations. Numerous forms such as extracts, infusions, and decoctions exist, but specific timing for consumption has yet to be detailed, indicating the necessity of personalized healthcare provider guidance on appropriate dosing and preparation.
FAQs
Is *Pterocarpus marsupium* safe to use?
Generally safe based on traditional use, but more clinical data is needed. Consult a healthcare provider before starting any supplement.
How does it help manage blood sugar?
It improves glucose uptake and has antidiabetic effects, but results are more established in animal studies than in humans.
Can I take this with diabetes medication?
Caution is advised, as it may interact with diabetes medications and enhance their effects. Monitor blood sugar closely.
What forms can I take it in?
Available as extracts, infusions, and decoctions. Choose a form based on preference or practitioner guidance.
Is it a substitute for diabetes medication?
No, it should not replace prescribed medications. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diabetes management.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36295849/ – This in vitro study demonstrated that the methanolic extract of *Pterocarpus marsupium* significantly improved glucose uptake and reduced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, indicating its potential antidiabetic properties, although human studies are necessary for validation.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37671486/ – A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that a standardized extract containing 90% pterostilbene was well-tolerated and safe at a dosage of 200 mg/day in healthy individuals over two months, suggesting a good safety profile albeit not tested in diabetic patients.
- https://phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PhcogRev-3-6-359.pdf – A comprehensive review highlighted *Pterocarpus marsupium's* antidiabetic, antioxidant, and cardiotonic properties, noting that while promising, the evidence lacks systematic reviews and requires further high-quality studies for confirmation.