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Paeonia Root Extract

Also known as: Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia × suffruticosa, Peony root, White Peony, Red Peony, Baishao, Moutan Peony

Overview

Paeonia root extract is derived from the roots of peony plants, primarily *Paeonia lactiflora* and *Paeonia × suffruticosa*. It is a herbal extract commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The extract contains paeoniflorin, a major active compound responsible for many of its therapeutic effects. Paeonia root is used for treating autoimmune diseases, menstrual disorders, and inflammation. Research on Paeonia root extract is moderately mature, with several clinical trials and systematic reviews available, although the quality of evidence varies. It is available in various forms, including ethanol-water extracts, and is often standardized to contain a specific amount of paeoniflorin or total glucosides of peony (TGP).

Benefits

Paeonia root extract, particularly its total glucosides (TGP), has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, making it beneficial for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome. Studies have reported significant improvements in disease activity and quality of life within weeks to months of treatment. Traditionally, it is also used to treat menstrual disorders such as irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. Some studies also suggest antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects, though more research is needed in these areas. The benefits are most pronounced in individuals with autoimmune conditions and menstrual irregularities, with effect sizes varying across different studies.

How it works

Paeonia root extract exerts its effects primarily through the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions of paeoniflorin and other glucosides. It inhibits inflammatory mediators and pathways, such as the IRAK1-NF-κB pathway, reducing inflammation. Additionally, it modulates the immune system by balancing helper T cells and suppressor T cells. Paeoniflorin targets various inflammatory and immune-related molecules, affecting both the immune and circulatory systems. Its water-soluble nature enhances its absorption and bioavailability, facilitating its interaction with biological pathways.

Side effects

Paeonia root extract is generally considered safe when used appropriately. The most commonly reported side effect is gastrointestinal upset, although specific data on frequency is limited. Uncommon side effects include allergic reactions. Due to potential anti-clotting effects, Paeonia root extract may interact with anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and during heavy menstruation due to potential effects on blood clotting and uterine contractions. Caution is advised in pregnant women and individuals with bleeding disorders. Rare side effects are not well-documented, necessitating careful monitoring when using this supplement.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Paeonia root extract typically involves extracts containing paeoniflorin, with doses providing at least 1-2 grams of total glucosides per day. Optimal dosage ranges are between 1-3 grams of TGP per day, depending on the condition being treated. The maximum safe dose is not well-established, so caution is advised beyond recommended doses. It is often taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Ethanol-water extracts are commonly used. Bioavailability may be enhanced with water-soluble extracts. No specific cofactors are required for its activity.

FAQs

Is Paeonia root extract safe during pregnancy?

No, Paeonia root extract should be avoided during pregnancy due to potential effects on uterine contractions and blood clotting, which could pose risks to the pregnancy.

When is the best time to take Paeonia root extract?

It is best taken with meals to minimize potential gastrointestinal side effects. Consistent timing can also help maintain stable blood levels of the active compounds.

How long does it take to see results from Paeonia root extract?

Improvements in autoimmune disease symptoms and menstrual regularity may be observed within weeks to months of consistent use, depending on the individual and the condition being treated.

Is Paeonia root extract a cure-all for inflammation?

No, it is not a cure-all. While it has anti-inflammatory properties, its efficacy varies by condition, and it is most effective for specific autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

Research Sources

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9739549/ – This article likely discusses the therapeutic applications of Paeonia lactiflora, potentially covering its use in treating various conditions and its pharmacological properties. Further review of the full text would be needed to provide a more detailed summary of its key findings.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.834947/full – This study likely investigates the pharmacological mechanisms of Paeonia lactiflora and its active compounds, such as paeoniflorin. It may explore the specific molecular targets and pathways through which it exerts its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, providing insights into its therapeutic potential.
https://www.healthline.com/health/white-peony-root – This Healthline article provides a general overview of white peony root, discussing its traditional uses, potential health benefits, and safety considerations. It likely covers its role in treating conditions like inflammation and menstrual disorders, offering a consumer-friendly perspective on its applications.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2016/8292486 – This research article likely examines the efficacy and safety of Paeonia lactiflora in treating specific health conditions. It may present clinical trial data or systematic reviews, providing evidence-based insights into its therapeutic effects and potential adverse reactions.
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-32/peony – This WebMD resource offers information on peony as a supplement, including its uses, potential benefits, and safety precautions. It likely provides a general overview of its applications and considerations for consumers interested in using peony for health purposes.