Otoba Parvifolia Bark Extract
Also known as: Otoba Bark Extract, Banderol, Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract
Overview
Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract is derived from the bark of the Banderilla tree, native to the Amazon rainforest. Traditionally used for microbial support and immune health, modern research is exploring its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has garnered particular interest for its potential activity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium responsible for Lyme disease. The extract is typically prepared with ethanol (20–24%) to preserve its active components. While promising, research on Otoba parvifolia is still in its early stages, primarily consisting of in vitro studies and preliminary clinical observations, with a notable absence of large-scale randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews.
Benefits
The primary benefit of Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract is its demonstrated antimicrobial activity against various forms of Borrelia burgdorferi, including persister and biofilm forms that are often resistant to conventional antibiotics. In vitro studies suggest it can disrupt biofilms and kill multiple morphological forms of the bacteria. Secondary benefits include potential anti-inflammatory properties that may support immune function and reduce inflammation. There is also evidence of potential synergy with Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa), which may enhance its antimicrobial effects against Lyme disease pathogens. However, clinical effect sizes and statistical significance have not been robustly established due to the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. Anecdotal reports suggest gradual improvements over weeks to months when used for microbial support.
How it works
Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract exerts its antimicrobial effects by disrupting biofilms and directly killing multiple morphological forms of Borrelia bacteria, including dormant persister cells. This action is crucial as these forms are often difficult to eradicate with standard antibiotics. The extract's anti-inflammatory effects are thought to be mediated by the modulation of immune pathways, although the specific molecular targets involved are not yet clearly defined. In vitro studies also indicate that the extract can inhibit drug transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, suggesting a potential impact on the pharmacokinetics of other medications. While it may interact with cytochrome P450 enzymes, its effects differ from those of related extracts like Cat’s Claw.
Side effects
Safety data for Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract is limited, as no large clinical safety trials have been conducted. A significant concern is the potential for herb–drug interactions due to its in vitro inhibition of hepatic drug transporters (OATP1B1, OATP1B3) and possible modulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes. This means it could alter the metabolism and effectiveness of other medications. Common side effects are not well documented, though traditional use suggests some tolerability. However, clinical confirmation is lacking. The extract is contraindicated in pregnancy and nursing due to the absence of safety data for these populations. Caution is strongly advised when combining Otoba parvifolia with other medications, and consultation with a healthcare provider is essential to manage potential pharmacokinetic interactions.
Dosage
Typical dosing for Otoba parvifolia Bark Extract begins with a very low dose, such as 1 drop in 4 oz of water, taken 30 minutes before meals. The dosage is then gradually increased as tolerated, potentially reaching up to 30 drops 2–4 times daily. This slow dose escalation is recommended to minimize Herxheimer reactions (die-off symptoms), which can occur when used for Lyme disease. There is currently no established maximum safe dose from clinical trials. For optimal absorption and efficacy, the extract is best taken without food. The available research primarily refers to the tincture form with ethanol extraction; no specific cofactors or other form-specific recommendations are widely established.
FAQs
Is Otoba parvifolia effective for Lyme disease?
Preliminary in vitro and anecdotal evidence suggests antimicrobial activity against Borrelia species, especially when combined with Cat’s Claw, but high-quality clinical trials are lacking to confirm efficacy.
Is it safe to use with other medications?
Potential herb–drug interactions exist due to its effects on drug transporters and enzymes; consultation with healthcare providers is essential before combining with other medications.
How soon can benefits be expected?
Anecdotal reports indicate gradual improvements over weeks to months; however, no clinical trial data is available to provide a definitive timeline for benefits.
Can it cause side effects?
Herxheimer reactions (die-off symptoms) may occur during dose escalation. Other common side effects are not well documented due to limited clinical safety data.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30602711/ – This in vitro study investigated the pharmacokinetic properties of Banderol (Otoba parvifolia extract), finding it inhibits Borrelia forms, including persisters, and affects OATP transporters. It highlights differences in drug interaction profiles compared to Cat’s Claw, suggesting potential for herb-drug interactions.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6337116/ – This research, likely a follow-up or related to the previous PubMed entry, further details the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Otoba parvifolia extract against various Borrelia forms. It also explores its impact on drug transporters, reinforcing the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions and its distinct mechanism from other herbal extracts.
- https://treatlyme.com/guide/otoba-bark-extract-and-cats-claw-tinctures/ – This source, an expert opinion from Marty Ross MD, discusses the synergistic killing effect of Otoba parvifolia with Cat’s Claw against Borrelia. It also provides practical advice on dose escalation to mitigate Herxheimer reactions, though it is based on clinical observation rather than peer-reviewed trials.
- https://shop.drwillcole.com/products/otoba-parvifolia – This commercial product page provides general information about Otoba parvifolia, including its traditional use and suggested dosing. While not a research paper, it reflects common usage recommendations and claims associated with the supplement in the market.