Ornithine
Also known as: L-Ornithine
Overview
Ornithine is a nonprotein amino acid that is an intermediate of the urea cycle. Your body uses ornithine to make polyamines, which play a role in cell growth and proliferation, and the amino acid proline, which is used to make collagen. Preliminary evidence suggests that ornithine supplementation can improve athletic performance by reducing elevated levels of ammonia.
Benefits
Ornithine binds with a molecule known as carbamoyl phosphate, which requires ammonia to be produced, and then is converted into L-Citrulline, giving off urea as a byproduct. This conversion reduces ammonia concentrations in the blood and increases urea. Ornithine is thought to be important for conditions characterized by excess ammonia, mainly hepatic encephalopathy or prolonged cardiovascular exercise. A reduction in serum ammonia has been repeatedly found in persons with hepatic encephalopathy, and there are indications that it may also help reduce fatigue during prolonged exercise.
How it works
Ornithine supplementation may help reduce ammonia concentrations in the blood, which can enhance performance during prolonged exercise. It has been noted to reduce self-reported fatigue in individuals with hepatic encephalopathy and those experiencing hangovers. Some studies suggest improvements in lean mass and power output in weightlifters, although these findings are not widely replicated.
Side effects
Ornithine supplementation (as hydrochloride) is typically taken in the range of 2-6g daily. Most studies use a dose within this range, but there is a chance of intestinal distress at doses above 10g. Most studies utilize Ornithine hydrochloride, which is 78% Ornithine by weight. For L-Ornithine L-Aspartate (50% Ornithine), an equivalent dose would be 3.12-9.36g, and for L-Ornithine α-ketoglutarate (47% Ornithine), it would be 3.3-10g.
Dosage
Potential side effects of ornithine supplementation may include gastrointestinal distress, particularly at higher doses. Safety concerns include the possibility of interactions with certain medications or conditions, particularly those affecting liver function.
FAQs
What is Ornithine?
Ornithine is a nonprotein amino acid that plays a role in the urea cycle and is involved in the production of polyamines and proline.
How does Ornithine work in the body?
Ornithine binds with carbamoyl phosphate to reduce ammonia levels in the blood and increase urea.
What are the benefits of taking Ornithine?
Ornithine may help reduce ammonia levels, enhance athletic performance, and decrease fatigue in certain conditions.
What is the recommended dosage for Ornithine?
The typical dosage for Ornithine supplementation is between 2-6g daily.
Are there any side effects associated with Ornithine?
Possible side effects include gastrointestinal distress, especially at higher doses.
