Organic Rosemary Leaf and Stem Extract
Also known as: Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis
Overview
Rosemary (*Rosmarinus officinalis*) is a perennial herb native to the Mediterranean region, widely recognized for its aromatic leaves and stems. It is commonly used in cooking, as a medicinal herb for cognitive enhancement, and in traditional medicine for various ailments. The herb contains compounds like carnosol and rosmarinic acid, which possess antioxidant and potential health benefits. Research on rosemary is considered to be at a moderate level, with some systematic reviews and meta-analyses available, particularly focusing on its cognitive effects. The quality of available evidence is generally good for cognitive benefits, but more research is needed to substantiate other potential health claims. Rosemary is available in various forms, including whole herbs, extracts, and essential oils.
Benefits
Rosemary extracts have demonstrated potential benefits, primarily in cognitive enhancement and muscle hypertrophy. Animal studies suggest that rosemary extracts can improve cognitive function. In vitro studies indicate that rosemary leaf extracts, particularly carnosol, can induce muscle cell hypertrophy by inhibiting muscle remodeling pathways. Additionally, rosemary extracts have shown anticancer properties against certain types of cancer cells in vitro. While these findings are promising, more human clinical trials are needed to confirm these benefits and determine the optimal dosages and long-term effects. The cognitive enhancement effects are notable in animal studies, but the effect sizes vary.
How it works
Rosemary's mechanism of action varies depending on the specific benefit. For cognitive effects, it is believed to work through antioxidant and neuroprotective mechanisms. In terms of muscle hypertrophy, carnosol, a key compound in rosemary, inhibits muscle remodeling pathways, such as the ubiquitin ligase E3 Muscle RING Finger protein-1. Rosemary interacts with the nervous and muscular systems, with carnosol specifically targeting muscle hypertrophy pathways. The absorption and bioavailability of rosemary compounds have not been extensively studied, but they may vary based on extraction methods.
Side effects
Rosemary is generally considered safe with minimal side effects. Common side effects are rare but may include gastrointestinal upset. Uncommon and rare side effects are not well-documented, although there is a potential for allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Rosemary may interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners, potentially affecting their efficacy. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential effects on hormone levels. Caution is advised for individuals with epilepsy or those taking certain medications. Overall, rosemary is well-tolerated, but it's essential to consult a healthcare provider before use, especially for individuals with pre-existing health conditions or those taking medications. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has deemed Rosemary extract and oil safe in the present practices of concentration and use when formulated to be non-sensitizing.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of rosemary is not well-established, and optimal dosage ranges typically vary based on specific health goals. The maximum safe dose is not clearly defined. There are no specific timing recommendations for rosemary consumption. Extracts may be more effective than whole herbs, and bioavailability may be influenced by extraction methods. Due to the lack of comprehensive human studies, it is essential to start with a low dose and gradually increase it while monitoring for any adverse effects. Consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended to determine the appropriate dosage for individual needs and health conditions.
FAQs
Is rosemary safe to use?
Rosemary is generally safe, but consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications.
When should I take rosemary?
There are no specific timing recommendations for rosemary consumption. It can be taken at any time of day, depending on personal preference.
What results can I expect from taking rosemary?
Expected results vary based on individual health goals. Some studies suggest cognitive enhancement and muscle hypertrophy benefits, but more research is needed.
Can rosemary replace medical treatment?
Rosemary is not a substitute for medical treatment. Consult a healthcare provider for any health concerns and before using rosemary as a supplement.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8851910/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of rosemary extracts on cognitive function in animal models of cognitive deficit. The key finding was that rosemary extracts improved cognitive function in these models, suggesting potential benefits for cognitive enhancement. However, the study's limitations include the reliance on animal studies, indicating a need for more human research to confirm these effects.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8706380/ – This bioassay-guided fractionation study investigated the effects of rosemary leaf extracts on human skeletal muscle cells. The study found that rosemary leaf extracts induce muscle cell hypertrophy, with carnosol identified as the active compound. This in vitro study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of rosemary's effects on muscle growth, but it lacks human clinical trials to validate these findings.
- https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/rosmar062014FR.pdf – This is a safety assessment by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel on Rosemary extract and oil. The panel concluded that Rosemary extract and oil are safe in the present practices of concentration and use when formulated to be non-sensitizing. This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the safety profile of rosemary-derived ingredients in cosmetic applications.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2024/9458716 – This in vitro study explored the anticancer activity of rosemary extracts against certain cancer cells. The key finding was that rosemary extracts demonstrated anticancer properties, suggesting potential therapeutic applications. However, the study's limitations include its in vitro nature, highlighting the need for further research, including human clinical trials, to confirm these effects.
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/266370 – This article provides a general overview of rosemary, including its potential health benefits and uses. It highlights rosemary's traditional use as a medicinal herb and its potential cognitive benefits. The article serves as a general resource for understanding rosemary's properties and applications.
