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Nettles Extract

Also known as: Stinging Nettle, Nettle Leaf, Nettle Root, Urtica urens, Urtica dioica

Overview

Nettles are plants of the genus *Urtica*, predominantly found in Europe and North America. The leaves and roots are utilized in herbal medicine, valued for their potential health benefits. Known for their rich content of bioactive compounds including flavonoids, terpenes, and phenolic acids, nettles are commonly leveraged for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and diuretic properties. Their traditional applications include relief for arthritis, allergies, and urinary issues, while modern uses extend to supporting prostate health and blood sugar control. Clinical studies have shown a moderate to high level of research maturity, particularly for conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and osteoarthritis, though the quality of evidence varies widely, with some studies presenting methodological limitations.

Benefits

Research highlights several benefits associated with nettle extract. For prostate health, systematic reviews suggest significant improvement in symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), evidenced by a change of 5.6 points on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in controlled trials. In the context of osteoarthritis, studies reveal reductions in pain scores—averaging a mean difference of -2.1 in cases of inflammatory conditions. Secondary benefits, primarily in antioxidant activity, demonstrate strong protective effects in laboratory studies; however, clinical evidence is less robust. Populations like men suffering from BPH or patients with osteoarthritis particularly benefit, observing clinically meaningful effects within weeks to months.

How it works

Nettle extract exerts its effects mainly through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes such as COX-2 and 5-LOX, contributing to its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, its antioxidant capacity helps in scavenging free radicals, enhancing the body's natural defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. Nettle's interaction with the urinary system alleviates BPH symptoms, while its modulation of inflammatory processes demonstrates its significance in various immune responses.

Side effects

Nettle extract is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but some individuals may experience side effects. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal upset and, in rare cases, allergic reactions. Less prevalent side effects may manifest as skin rashes or itching. Although extremely rare, anaphylaxis has been reported. Caution is advised for those on anticoagulant or antihypertensive medications due to potential interactions impacting blood sugar and blood pressure. Additionally, nettle is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data, and individuals with existing kidney or liver disease should consult healthcare providers beforehand.

Dosage

The recommended dosages for nettle extract vary based on the condition being treated: for BPH, a daily dosage range is typically 300-600 mg of nettle root, while optimal doses range from 600 to 1200 mg. For osteoarthritis, 500 to 1000 mg of nettle leaf is advised, with an upper range extending up to 2000 mg per day. It is suggested to take these supplements with meals to mitigate gastrointestinal side effects, and bioavailability might be enhanced when consumed alongside fatty foods. Currently, no maximum safe dose is established, but doses above 2000 mg have not been thoroughly investigated.

FAQs

How long does it take to see benefits?

Benefits can be observed within several weeks to months of consistent use.

Is it safe for long-term use?

Generally considered safe for long-term use, although monitoring by a healthcare provider is advised.

Can I take it if I have allergies?

If prone to allergies related to nettles or similar plants, consult your healthcare provider before use.

Are there any drug interactions?

Yes, nettle may interact with blood thinners and medications for blood pressure or diabetes; consulting a healthcare provider is essential.

When should I take it?

It can be taken at any time of day, preferably with meals.

Research Sources

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112531 – This systematic review evaluates the effects of saw palmetto and includes investigations into nettle root extract, reporting significant improvements in BPH symptoms across multiple randomized controlled trials with over 500 participants.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4907 – This randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of nettle leaf extract in osteoarthritis patients, showing a meaningful reduction in pain scores over an 8-week period despite the study's limited sample size.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.037 – The study investigates antioxidant properties of nettle extracts, highlighting strong activity against free radicals, though the application of findings beyond in vitro conditions remains limited.