Malaysian Tongkat Ali Fruit Extract
Also known as: Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Tongkat Ali, Longjack, Malaysian Ginseng, Eurycoma longifolia
Overview
Eurycoma longifolia, commonly known as Tongkat Ali, Longjack, or Malaysian Ginseng, is a medicinal plant native to Southeast Asia. The root extract has been traditionally used to enhance male vitality, energy levels, and overall well-being. It is categorized as an adaptogen, testosterone modulator, and ergogenic aid. Primary uses include supporting erectile function, boosting testosterone levels, and improving athletic performance. Research on Tongkat Ali is still emerging, with a growing body of human clinical data, including over 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, long-term studies remain limited. The quality of evidence is moderate for testosterone and erectile function effects, with heterogeneous outcomes reported across studies. Evidence for other purported benefits is generally low. Tongkat Ali is available in various forms, including standardized extracts and crude powders, with water-soluble extracts like Physta® demonstrating better bioavailability.
Benefits
Tongkat Ali has shown potential benefits in several areas, primarily related to testosterone modulation and male sexual health. Studies using 200 mg of Physta® extract have demonstrated a 15-37% increase in total testosterone levels in aging males with baseline testosterone levels ≤12.1 nmol/L over a one-month period. Subgroup analysis indicates significant improvements in erectile function, as measured by the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score, particularly in men with baseline scores ≤17. Limited evidence suggests that Tongkat Ali may have ergogenic effects, potentially enhancing endurance, although consistent strength gains have not been reported. Small studies also indicate potential improvements in sperm motility and viability, but these findings are based on small sample sizes (n<30) and require further investigation.
How it works
Tongkat Ali's mechanism of action involves several pathways. It upregulates testosterone synthesis by stimulating luteinizing hormone (LH) production and supporting testicular Leydig cell function. The extract also modulates stress by reducing cortisol levels through quassinoid-mediated regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In vitro evidence suggests that Tongkat Ali may enhance erectile function by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), similar to some erectile dysfunction medications, thereby increasing nitric oxide levels. These combined effects contribute to the observed improvements in testosterone, stress response, and sexual health.
Side effects
Common side effects of Tongkat Ali include mild insomnia and restlessness, particularly at doses exceeding 300 mg per day, affecting approximately 5-10% of users. Less common side effects include headache and irritability. No serious adverse events have been reported in clinical trials. However, due to its antiplatelet activity observed in vitro, there is a theoretical risk of interactions with anticoagulant medications. Tongkat Ali is contraindicated in individuals with androgen-sensitive cancers and during pregnancy due to potential estrogenic effects observed in animal models. It is crucial to monitor for any adverse reactions and consult with a healthcare professional before starting supplementation, especially for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking medications.
Dosage
The effective dosage range for Tongkat Ali is typically between 100-300 mg of a standardized extract containing 1% eurycomanone. It is often recommended to administer the supplement in the morning to align with the body's natural circadian rhythm of testosterone production. Effects are generally observed within 2-4 weeks of consistent use. Some practitioners suggest cycling the supplement, using it for 8 weeks followed by a 2-week break. Water-soluble extracts, such as Physta®, are believed to have better bioavailability compared to crude powders. While specific upper limits have not been definitively established, it is advisable to adhere to the recommended dosage range to minimize the risk of side effects.
FAQs
Does it work for low testosterone?
Tongkat Ali may be clinically relevant for mild, age-related testosterone declines, particularly when baseline levels are ≤12 nmol/L. It is less likely to be effective for more severe cases of hypogonadism.
How long until results?
Changes in testosterone levels may be noticeable within 2-4 weeks of consistent use. Improvements in erectile function may require a longer duration, potentially 12 weeks or more, to become apparent.
Best form?
Water-soluble extracts, such as Physta®, are generally preferred due to their enhanced bioavailability compared to crude powder forms, potentially leading to better absorption and efficacy.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26365449/ – This meta-analysis of two RCTs (n=139) found that Tongkat Ali improved IIEF-5 scores only in subgroups with severe erectile dysfunction, with a weighted mean difference of +2.15. The study was limited by high heterogeneity (I²=89.5%) and small sample sizes, suggesting the need for more robust research.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6274257/ – This RCT (n=76, 12 weeks) using Physta® extract showed a 15-37% increase in testosterone levels and a reduction in fatigue. While the study demonstrated positive outcomes, it was funded by the industry, although the methodology was independently verified, which could introduce potential bias.
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tongkat-ali – Medical News Today provides general information on Tongkat Ali, including its potential benefits, side effects, and dosage. It highlights the traditional uses of the herb and summarizes some of the research findings related to its effects on testosterone and sexual health.
- https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/5647 – This research article likely discusses the effects of Tongkat Ali on food and nutrition. Further review of the article is needed to provide a more detailed summary of its key findings and limitations.
- https://phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PhcogRev-10-20-139.pdf – This review article provides a comprehensive overview of Tongkat Ali, covering its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. It summarizes the available evidence on its potential health benefits and discusses its safety profile, offering a broad perspective on the herb's therapeutic potential.