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Longjack Root Extract

Also known as: Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat Ali, Long Jack, Pasak Bumi

Overview

Eurycoma longifolia, commonly known as Tongkat Ali or Long Jack, is a flowering plant native to Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The root extract of this plant has been traditionally used in folk medicine for its purported aphrodisiac and health-enhancing properties. It contains bioactive compounds such as quassinoids, alkaloids, and steroids. Primary uses include enhancing testosterone levels, improving sexual function, reducing stress, and potentially improving athletic performance. Research on E. longifolia is growing, with clinical trials and meta-analyses exploring its efficacy and safety. While some studies show significant benefits, particularly in increasing testosterone levels, others have methodological limitations, indicating a need for further rigorous research to confirm its effects across various conditions and populations. It is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and extracts.

Benefits

Eurycoma longifolia supplementation has demonstrated several potential benefits, primarily related to hormonal and sexual health. A meta-analysis showed a significant increase in total testosterone levels in men (SMD = 1.352, 95% CI 0.565 to 2.138, p = 0.001), particularly benefiting hypogonadal men. Some studies suggest improvements in sperm concentration and morphology, although these findings require confirmation due to methodological limitations. Evidence for improvements in erectile function is mixed, with potential benefits observed mainly in men with more severe erectile dysfunction. Limited evidence suggests possible stress reduction, but results on mood state parameters are inconsistent. Overall, the strength of evidence varies, with the most robust support for testosterone enhancement in hypogonadal men.

How it works

Eurycoma longifolia's mechanism of action is believed to involve its bioactive compounds, particularly quassinoids, influencing hormonal balance. These compounds may interact with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, potentially enhancing testosterone production. The extract may also interact with the endocrine system to modulate hormone levels and the nervous system to reduce stress and improve mood. While the exact molecular targets are not fully understood, it is thought that the bioactive compounds interact with cellular pathways involved in hormone regulation and stress response. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the specific molecular mechanisms and pathways involved.

Side effects

Eurycoma longifolia is generally considered safe when used at recommended doses. Acute toxicity studies in mice indicate low toxicity. Common side effects are not well-documented, but no significant adverse changes in liver and renal function tests have been reported at normal daily doses. Potential side effects could include gastrointestinal issues or allergic reactions, though these are speculative and require further study. There is limited data on drug interactions, but caution should be exercised when using E. longifolia with other medications, especially those affecting hormone levels or blood pressure. Pregnant or breastfeeding women, and individuals with severe medical conditions, should consult healthcare providers before use due to the lack of specific safety data. Individuals with hormonal imbalances should also exercise caution.

Dosage

Recommended dosages of Eurycoma longifolia typically range from 200 mg to 300 mg per day of a standardized root extract, based on available clinical trials. While the minimum effective dose is not well-established, studies have used doses ranging from 50 mg to 300 mg per day. The maximum safe dose is not clearly defined, but doses up to 300 mg per day have been used without significant adverse effects. It is generally advised to take supplements consistently to maintain steady levels of bioactive compounds. Standardized root extracts are recommended to ensure consistent bioactive content. Specific absorption factors are not well-studied, and there is no evidence to suggest that specific cofactors are required for its efficacy.

FAQs

How long does it take to see effects?

Effects on testosterone levels can typically be observed within several weeks to months of consistent supplementation. Individual responses may vary.

Is it safe for long-term use?

There is limited data on the long-term safety of Eurycoma longifolia. Short-term use has not shown significant adverse effects, but caution is advised with prolonged use.

Can it be used with other supplements or medications?

Caution should be exercised when using Eurycoma longifolia with other medications, especially those affecting hormone levels or blood pressure. Consult with a healthcare provider.

What are the expected results?

Significant increases in testosterone levels can be expected, particularly in hypogonadal men. Other benefits, such as improved sexual function, may also be experienced.

Is Eurycoma longifolia a cure-all for sexual dysfunction?

No, it is not a cure-all. Its benefits are primarily related to testosterone enhancement, which may indirectly improve certain aspects of sexual function.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36013514/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies, including five RCTs, found that Eurycoma longifolia supplementation significantly increased total testosterone levels (SMD = 1.352, 95% CI 0.565 to 2.138, p = 0.001). The study included both healthy volunteers and hypogonadal men, indicating a potential benefit for enhancing testosterone production. The authors concluded that more research is needed to confirm efficacy in clinical practice.
https://www.publish.csiro.au/hc/pdf/HC22143 – This review discusses the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Eurycoma longifolia. It highlights the presence of bioactive compounds such as quassinoids and alkaloids, and their potential roles in the plant's purported health benefits. The review also emphasizes the need for further research to fully understand the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of Eurycoma longifolia.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2022/4999797 – This meta-analysis examined the effects of Tongkat Ali on erectile function, including two RCTs with 139 healthy men. The study found no significant effect on erectile dysfunction overall, but subgroup analysis suggested potential benefits for men with more severe erectile dysfunction. The authors noted a high risk of bias due to selective reporting and lack of quality assurance of the tongkat ali preparation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26978330/ – This study investigated the effects of Eurycoma longifolia on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects. The results indicated improvements in stress parameters and mood profiles, suggesting a potential role in stress reduction. However, the study's findings should be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations and the need for further research.
https://www.ugc.gov.in/e-book/Academic%20and%20Research%20Book_WEB.pdf – This source provides general information about medicinal plants and their uses. While it may not focus specifically on Eurycoma longifolia, it can offer broader context about the traditional use of herbal remedies and the importance of scientific validation. It emphasizes the need for rigorous research to confirm the efficacy and safety of herbal supplements.