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Lactobacillus coprophilus

Also known as: Lactobacillus, Lactic acid bacteria, Probiotics

Overview

Lactobacillus is a genus of gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. They are a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group, converting sugars and other carbohydrates into lactic acid. These bacteria are commonly found in fermented foods like yogurt, sauerkraut, and kimchi, and are also present in the human gastrointestinal tract. As probiotics, Lactobacillus species are used to support gut health, enhance immune function, and manage gastrointestinal disorders. They exert their beneficial effects by interacting with the gut microbiota, influencing immune responses, and improving barrier integrity. Research on Lactobacillus is extensive, with numerous studies focusing on specific species and their effects on various health outcomes. However, the quality of evidence can vary, and results may be inconsistent due to differences in study design and populations.

Benefits

Lactobacillus probiotics have been associated with several health benefits. Some species, such as *Lactobacillus acidophilus*, may reduce the duration of diarrhea in children, although the effects can vary. Probiotics, in general, have demonstrated potential in reducing total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. The benefits can be population-specific, with children often benefiting from probiotics for gastrointestinal issues. However, effect sizes vary widely depending on the specific probiotic strain and the health outcome being studied. The onset and duration of benefits can also vary based on the specific health condition and probiotic strain used. It's important to note that not all Lactobacillus strains have the same effects, and research is ongoing to determine the most effective strains for specific conditions.

How it works

Lactobacillus probiotics primarily exert their effects within the gastrointestinal system. They interact with the existing gut microbiota, influencing immune function, barrier integrity, and metabolic processes. These probiotics can modulate cytokine production, which affects the expression of genes involved in immune response and inflammation. They are not absorbed systemically like nutrients; instead, they colonize the gut and exert local effects. By producing lactic acid, they can lower the pH of the gut, which inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. This modulation of the gut environment and immune response contributes to the overall health benefits associated with Lactobacillus probiotics.

Side effects

Lactobacillus probiotics are generally considered safe for most individuals. The most common side effects are mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating or gas, which typically resolve on their own. Uncommon side effects are not consistently reported. In rare cases, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, probiotics can cause infections. Drug interactions are generally minimal, but caution is advised in patients with compromised immune systems or those taking immunosuppressant medications. Lactobacillus probiotics should be used cautiously in immunocompromised individuals. Pregnant women and individuals with severe illnesses should consult healthcare providers before use. It is important to note that while rare, serious adverse effects can occur, highlighting the need for careful consideration before use, especially in vulnerable populations.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Lactobacillus probiotics varies by strain and health outcome, typically ranging from 1 to 10 billion CFU (colony-forming units) per day. Some studies use doses up to 20 billion CFU per day. Doses above 20 billion CFU per day are not well-studied, and their safety and efficacy are less clear. It is generally recommended to take probiotics with food to enhance their survival through the stomach. Lactobacillus probiotics are available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and as part of fermented foods. Since they exert local effects in the gut, they are not absorbed systemically. There are no specifically required cofactors for their activity. It is important to follow product-specific recommendations and consult with a healthcare provider for personalized dosage advice.

FAQs

How should I store Lactobacillus probiotics?

Store Lactobacillus probiotics according to the product label instructions to maintain their viability. Some may require refrigeration, while others are shelf-stable. Proper storage ensures the bacteria remain active and effective.

Are Lactobacillus probiotics safe for everyone?

Lactobacillus probiotics are generally safe, but individuals who are immunocompromised should consult a healthcare provider before use. In rare cases, probiotics can cause infections in vulnerable populations.

When is the best time to take Lactobacillus probiotics?

It is generally recommended to take Lactobacillus probiotics with meals. This can help enhance their survival through the stomach and improve their colonization in the gut.

Are all Lactobacillus probiotics the same?

No, not all Lactobacillus probiotics are the same. The effects can vary significantly by strain. Different strains have different properties and may be more effective for specific health conditions.

How long does it take to see results from Lactobacillus probiotics?

The time it takes to see results from Lactobacillus probiotics varies by health condition and probiotic strain. Some individuals may experience benefits within a few days, while others may require several weeks of consistent use.

Research Sources

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/gastroenterology/articles/10.3389/fgstr.2022.983075/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of probiotics on various gastrointestinal conditions. The study found that probiotics like *Lactobacillus acidophilus* may reduce the duration of diarrhea in children. However, the authors noted that results can be inconsistent due to differences in strains and study designs, highlighting the need for more standardized research.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/682 – This meta-analysis of 13-15 RCTs investigated the impact of probiotics on cholesterol levels. The study found that probiotics can significantly reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. However, the authors acknowledged heterogeneity among the included studies, which may affect the overall strength of the findings.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0178868 – This consensus statement provides recommendations for improving the quality of probiotic systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The authors focus on methodological improvements rather than clinical outcomes, aiming to enhance the rigor and reliability of future research in this area. The recommendations are intended to guide researchers in conducting more robust and informative studies on probiotics.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2812728 – This study investigated the effects of probiotics on antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The research found that certain probiotic strains may help prevent or reduce the severity of diarrhea caused by antibiotic use. The findings suggest that probiotics could be a useful adjunct therapy during antibiotic treatment, but further research is needed to determine the most effective strains and dosages.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.1045965/full – This study examined the use of probiotics in veterinary medicine, focusing on their impact on animal health. The research found that probiotics can improve gut health and immune function in various animal species. The findings suggest that probiotics could be a valuable tool for promoting animal health and preventing disease, but further research is needed to optimize their use in different animal populations.