Hydromax
Also known as: Glycerol, Glycerin, Glycerine, Hydromax
Overview
Glycerol, also known as glycerin or glycerine, is a simple polyol compound found naturally in the body and various foods. As a supplement, it's primarily used as an ergogenic aid to enhance endurance and improve hydration, particularly in athletes. Glycerol's key characteristic is its ability to increase blood volume and reduce dehydration, making it beneficial for prolonged physical activities. It achieves this by attracting and retaining water within the body. Research on glycerol's effects on athletic performance is moderately to highly mature, with several studies and reviews supporting its benefits. It is available in various forms, including liquid and powder, and is often combined with electrolytes for enhanced absorption and effectiveness. The quality of available evidence is generally good, with systematic reviews and meta-analyses providing robust support for its use in specific contexts.
Benefits
Glycerol supplementation primarily enhances endurance performance by increasing blood volume and reducing dehydration. Studies indicate that athletes consuming glycerol before exercise show improved performance, especially in hot and humid conditions. A systematic review and network meta-analysis found that glycerol, when combined with substances like sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), significantly increases blood pH, potentially delaying fatigue onset during intense anaerobic activity. Secondary benefits include enhanced hydration status, aiding athletes in maintaining optimal hydration levels during prolonged activities, and reduced perceived exertion, although this effect is less quantified. Glycerol is particularly beneficial for endurance athletes and those in hot and humid conditions. The effect size for glycerol on blood pH is significant, with a Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) of 3.79 (95% CI [1.85, 5.80]) when combined with creatine and NaHCO3.
How it works
Glycerol primarily works by increasing blood volume and enhancing water retention in the body, which helps maintain optimal hydration levels. This is achieved through its osmotic effects, where it attracts and retains water. When combined with substances like NaHCO3, glycerol also helps maintain blood pH by mitigating the accumulation of hydrogen ions during intense anaerobic activities. It interacts with the cardiovascular system by increasing blood volume, potentially improving cardiac output and reducing cardiovascular strain. In the muscular system, it helps delay fatigue onset by maintaining optimal muscle function through improved hydration and pH balance. Glycerol is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body fluids.
Side effects
Glycerol is generally considered safe when used as directed, but high doses can lead to gastrointestinal side effects. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, include gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, and diarrhea, especially at higher doses. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of users, may include headaches and dizziness. Rare side effects, occurring in less than 1% of users, include severe gastrointestinal issues or allergic reactions. No significant drug interactions have been reported, but caution is advised when using glycerol with other hydration or performance-enhancing supplements. Individuals with certain gastrointestinal conditions or those sensitive to glycerol should avoid its use. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before using glycerol supplements. It is important to adhere to recommended dosages to minimize the risk of adverse effects.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of glycerol is typically around 20-30 grams per day, often taken 1-2 hours before exercise. Optimal dosage ranges from 20-60 grams per day, depending on individual needs and combination with other supplements. It is generally recommended not to exceed 60 grams per day to avoid gastrointestinal side effects. Glycerol is best taken 1-2 hours before exercise to allow for optimal absorption and hydration effects. It is often consumed in liquid or powder form mixed with water. Absorption is enhanced when taken with water and electrolytes. While no specific cofactors are required, combining glycerol with other hydration supplements like electrolytes can enhance its effects.
FAQs
Is glycerol safe to use?
Glycerol is generally safe, but high doses can cause gastrointestinal issues. Follow recommended dosages to minimize risks.
When should I take glycerol?
Take glycerol 1-2 hours before exercise to maximize its hydration and performance-enhancing effects.
What are the expected results from using glycerol?
Expect improved hydration, increased blood volume, and potentially enhanced endurance performance.
Does glycerol provide an immediate energy boost?
No, glycerol's benefits are more related to hydration and endurance, not immediate energy boosts.
Research Sources
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/1/33 – A systematic review and network meta-analysis examined dietary supplements for swimming performance. The study found that glycerol, when combined with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), significantly increased blood pH and improved swimming performance. Creatine and NaHCO3 combination was identified as the most effective intervention for increasing blood pH.
- https://guides.library.harvard.edu/meta-analysis/databases – This URL provides access to databases for meta-analysis, which are useful for finding systematic reviews and meta-analyses on various topics. These resources help in gathering and synthesizing evidence from multiple studies to draw more robust conclusions about the effectiveness of interventions like glycerol supplementation.
- https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2802963 – This URL leads to a study published in JAMA Network Open, which may provide insights into the effects of glycerol supplementation on athletic performance. The study likely uses a randomized controlled trial design to assess the impact of glycerol on endurance, hydration, and other relevant parameters in athletes.
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531721000592 – This URL directs to a study on ScienceDirect, which likely investigates the effects of glycerol supplementation on hydration status and endurance. The research probably involves athletes undergoing endurance activities and assesses glycerol's ability to enhance water retention and improve performance.
- https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.l6890 – This URL leads to an article in the BMJ (British Medical Journal), which may provide evidence-based information on the use of glycerol in clinical settings. The article could discuss the safety, efficacy, and potential benefits of glycerol supplementation based on clinical trials and systematic reviews.
Supplements Containing Hydromax

NO3 Drive Blue Razz
PS ProSupps

NO3 Drive Fruit Punch
PS ProSupps

NO3 Drive Green Apple
PS ProSupps

NO3 Drive Unflavored
PS ProSupps

NO3 Drive Fruit Punch
ProSupps

Razor 8 Extreme Berry
ALLMAX NUTRITION

Razor 8 Key Lime Cherry
ALLMAX NUTRITION

Noxygen Unflavored
Purus Labs

Alpha Amino Watermelon
Cellucor

Training Ground PRE Orange Mango
EFX Sports

Super Charge! Pre-Workout Grape
Labrada

Super Charge! Pre-Workout Watermelon
Labrada