Grapeskin Pomace Extract
Also known as: Grape pomace extract, Grape skin extract, Grape polyphenol extract, Grape Pomace Extract
Overview
Grape pomace is the solid remains of grapes after juice extraction, particularly in wine making. This byproduct is rich in bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, and resveratrol. Grape pomace extract is used in functional foods and dietary supplements for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its bioactive compounds not only possess health benefits but also contribute to the sensory qualities in food products. Various studies, both in vitro and in vivo, indicate that grape pomace extract may help improve health outcomes related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune function. The extract is generally recognized as safe but should be used with caution in specific populations, particularly those sensitive to its effects.
Benefits
Grape pomace extract exhibits several evidence-backed health benefits: 1. **Antioxidant Activity**: Increases overall antioxidant capacity, supporting cellular health. Studies have shown it enhances superoxide dismutase and catalase activities while reducing oxidative stress markers by significant margins. 2. **Anti-Inflammatory Effects**: Regular consumption results in decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines, illustrating its potential for managing chronic inflammation. 3. **Immune Performance**: Grape pomace enhances the immune response by boosting immunoglobulin levels, which is crucial for immune defense. 4. **Potential benefits for Cardiometabolic Health**: There are indications of improved insulin sensitivity, although the evidence is mixed and further research is necessary. 5. **Gut Health**: Promotes gut integrity and microbial health, aiding in the fermentation processes that produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids.
How it works
The bioactive compounds in grape pomace, particularly polyphenols, exert their beneficial effects mainly through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. They scavenge free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress and minimizing cellular damage. Localized inflammation is managed by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, these compounds enhance gut barrier function and stimulate immune system responses by upregulating immunoglobulin production and related immune pathways, helping to modulate systemic inflammation.
Side effects
Grape pomace extract is generally considered safe when taken in moderation. Common side effects (>5%) are not well-documented; however, gastrointestinal discomfort is possible due to its fiber content. Less frequently (1-5%), allergic reactions may occur, particularly in sensitive individuals. Very few (<1%) significant adverse effects are noted in the literature. There is potential for interactions with anticoagulants or diabetes medications owing to its antioxidant properties. No explicit contraindications exist, but caution is advised for those with known sensitivities or who are taking relevant medications. Pregnant or breastfeeding women are advised to consult healthcare providers due to limited research on the extract's safety in these groups.
Dosage
The recommended dosage of dried grape pomace is between 8-10 g/day, with evidence indicating 8 g/day can effectively enhance insulin sensitivity and immune response based on human studies. Safety data is limited for higher doses, although consumption over 20 g/day may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort. Consistent daily intake is suggested to maximize benefits, and dried forms or extracts standardized to contain high polyphenol levels are preferred. The presence of other nutrients may enhance polyphenol absorption, hence a balanced diet is advantageous.
FAQs
Is grape pomace extract safe?
Yes, grape pomace extract is generally safe for most people, but those with allergies or specific medications should consult a healthcare provider.
When should I take grape pomace extract?
There are no specific timing recommendations; daily consistent intake is beneficial.
What benefits can I expect from grape pomace extract?
Users can expect antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, enhanced immune function, and potential support for cardiometabolic health.
Is grape pomace extract a cure-all?
No, it should be viewed as a dietary supplement supporting overall health rather than a cure-all solution.
Research Sources
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1116022/full – This study focuses on the antimicrobial properties of grape pomace, illustrating its potential in improving gut microbial profiles and overall health.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00645/full – The study discusses the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of grape pomace, confirming its supporting role in functional food applications.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/9/1131 – This review highlights various studies showcasing the health benefits of grape pomace phenolic compounds, including insulin sensitization and reduction of inflammatory markers.
