Grape Seed Extract Phytosome
Also known as: Grape seed extract, GSE, Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), Grape Seed Extract
Overview
Grape seed extract (GSE) is a dietary supplement derived from the seeds of *Vitis vinifera*, the common grape vine. It is rich in polyphenolic compounds, particularly oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), which are known for their antioxidant and potentially health-promoting effects. GSE is used primarily for its cardiovascular benefits, glycemic control, and ability to reduce oxidative stress. Research concerning GSE is considered to have a moderate to advanced maturity level, with several clinical trials and systematic reviews yielding good-quality evidence supporting its efficacy. Typically available in capsule or tablet form, GSE can enhance overall health with a variety of beneficial properties.
Benefits
Grape seed extract has been shown to offer multiple health benefits, with evidence showing significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) by -2.01 mg/dL and total cholesterol levels by -6.03 mg/dL among participants. Its potential effectiveness is further evidenced by significant decreases in LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, indicating a favorable impact on both cardiovascular health and glycemic control. GSE also appears beneficial for individuals with pre- or stage I hypertension. Secondary benefits include reducing platelet aggregation and improving antioxidant status, showcasing strong evidence particularly in pre-hypertensive and hyperlipidemic individuals.
How it works
Grape seed extract functions primarily through its polyphenolic compounds, which exhibit strong antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds work by decreasing oxidative stress markers and lowering inflammatory cytokines such as C-reactive protein. The extract is understood to positively influence lipid profiles and blood pressure regulation, enhancing cardiovascular function through several biological pathways.
Side effects
Grape seed extract is generally well tolerated and free of significant adverse effects when utilized in moderate amounts. Most studies report limited common side effects, with no uncommon or rare adverse effects widely documented. However, caution is advised for individuals using anticoagulants like warfarin or those with bleeding disorders due to an increased risk of bleeding. There is insufficient data regarding the safety of GSE during pregnancy or breastfeeding, warranting prudence. Overall, adverse reactions are rare, emphasizing its safety profile.
Dosage
Recommended dosages of grape seed extract typically range from 150 mg to 600 mg per day of standardized extract, with optimal dosages around 300-600 mg per day often divided into multiple doses. There is no firmly established maximum safe dose, but studies have utilized up to 600 mg without notable adverse effects. It is recommended to take GSE with meals to enhance absorption, especially formulations designed to improve bioavailability, such as leucoselect phytosome.
FAQs
How should Grape Seed Extract be taken?
GSE is usually taken orally and can be consumed with or without meals, though taking it with meals may help increase absorption.
Is Grape Seed Extract safe?
GSE is generally safe for most people, although those with bleeding disorders or who are undergoing surgery should exercise caution.
When is the best time to take Grape Seed Extract?
It can be taken at any time of day, and dividing the dosage throughout the day may enhance overall efficacy.
What can I expect from taking Grape Seed Extract?
Users may observe improvements in glycemic control, lipid profiles, and blood pressure over a few weeks to months.
Is Grape Seed Extract a cure for any conditions?
No, Grape Seed Extract is not a cure but may serve as a complementary therapy for supporting various health conditions.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31880030/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis included 50 trials with over 3,000 participants, revealing significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol and LDL levels, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, emphasizing the cardiovascular benefits of GSE.
- https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/effect-of-polyphenolrich-grape-seed-extract-on-ambulatory-blood-pressure-in-subjects-with-pre-and-stage-i-hypertension/5D40FB1B868E087867260510528E451C – In an 8-week randomized controlled trial with 24 subjects with pre- and stage I hypertension, GSE was found to significantly reduce both daytime ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
- https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/grape-seed-extract – NCCIH outlines that Grape Seed Extract is considered safe and effective for a variety of health applications, mainly cardiovascular health and reducing oxidative stress.
- https://aacrjournals.org/cancerpreventionresearch/article/12/8/557/47242/A-Pilot-Study-of-a-Grape-Seed-Procyanidin-Extract – This pilot study examined the antioxidant effects of a Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract, highlighting its capability to lower markers of oxidative stress in mildly hyperlipidemic individuals over four weeks.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14564675/ – This study presented the anti-inflammatory properties of Grape Seed Extract, showing significant changes in oxidative stress markers, benefiting overall antioxidant status.
