Gingko Biloba Leaf Extract
Also known as: Maidenhair Tree, Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba
Overview
Ginkgo biloba is an ancient plant species whose leaves are utilized in herbal extracts rich in flavonoids and terpenoids, specifically ginkgolides and bilobalide. These extracts are commonly used in dietary supplements due to their purported health benefits. Predominantly, Ginkgo biloba is utilized for cognitive enhancement, circulation improvement, and management of conditions like dementia, tinnitus, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its extracts possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties that influence blood flow and neurotransmitter activity. There is extensive research supporting its usage, including numerous randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, reflecting a high maturity level of evidence regarding its efficacy and safety.
Benefits
Ginkgo biloba extracts provide several evidence-based benefits. They are particularly effective in enhancing cognitive function, as shown by meta-analyses that indicate cognitive improvements in dementia and mild cognitive impairment patients (RR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.13-1.34). For individuals with type 2 diabetes, Ginkgo biloba can positively impact blood metabolism, including hemorheology and lipid profiles. While some evidence supports its use for tinnitus, findings are mixed and less conclusive. Additionally, Ginkgo extracts show promise for cardiovascular health through improved blood viscosity and perfusion. The time course for benefits can range from three to nine months of continuous use.
How it works
Ginkgo biloba primarily works by enhancing blood circulation through vasodilation and reduced blood viscosity. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties help combat oxidative stress and regulate free radicals. Additionally, Ginkgo modulates neurotransmitter systems and provides neuroprotection against beta-amyloid toxicity, which is particularly relevant in conditions like Alzheimer's disease. These mechanisms collectively facilitate improvements in cognitive function and cardiovascular health.
Side effects
Ginkgo biloba is generally safe for most users, but potential side effects exist. Common side effects include mild gastrointestinal issues, such as stomach pain and altered bowel habits, reported by over 5% of users. Less common but serious side effects, occurring in 1-5% of users, involve bleeding complications, especially when combined with anticoagulants. Rare side effects (<1%) may include seizures. The interaction with anticoagulant medications can raise bleeding risk, so individuals using such therapies should exercise caution. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should seek medical advice before use due to insufficient safety data for these populations.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of Ginkgo biloba is typically around 60 mg daily, while optimal dosages range from 120 mg to 240 mg per day for standardized extracts. Most studies report that up to 240 mg daily is safe, but higher doses should be approached carefully and under supervision. Consistent daily dosing is recommended, with preferred formulations being standardized dry leaf extracts like EGb761 and LI 1370, known for their defined concentrations of active compounds. Factors such as formulation and manufacturing process can influence bioavailability.
FAQs
Is Ginkgo biloba safe to take?
Generally considered safe, Ginkgo biloba may interact with anticoagulants and is not advisable for patients with bleeding disorders.
When should I take Ginkgo biloba?
While consistent daily dosing is encouraged, there are no specific timing recommendations for taking Ginkgo biloba.
What benefits can I expect from Ginkgo biloba?
Benefits, such as improved cognitive function and blood metabolism, may take several months to become noticeable.
Is Ginkgo biloba a cure for diseases?
No, Ginkgo biloba is not a cure-all and should be used under healthcare provider guidance, particularly for medical conditions.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21923430/ – This meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials evaluated the bleeding risk associated with standardized Ginkgo biloba extracts. It found no significant increase in bleeding risk, suggesting relative safety in cardiovascular contexts.
- https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD013514.pub2/full/fr – A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated existing studies on the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus. The findings concluded that there is insufficient evidence to support its effectiveness for this condition.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1231053/full – This systematic review analyzed the effects of Ginkgo biloba on blood metabolism in type 2 diabetes. While beneficial effects on lipid profiles and glycemic control were noted, the evidence quality varied.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1124710/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on Ginkgo biloba's impact on cognitive impairment and dementia. Results indicated significant benefits, particularly when Ginkgo was combined with donepezil treatment.
- https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003120/abstract – This comprehensive review assessed Ginkgo biloba's role in treating cognitive impairment, providing evidence of improved cognitive function and daily living abilities among dementia patients.
Supplements Containing Gingko Biloba Leaf Extract
Mind Matrix
RevLabs Red Series
50 Plus One Daily
GNC Women's Ultra Mega
UrthGreens
Vivid Health Nutrition
Protease IFC
TransFormation Professional Protocol
Balanced Ocular Support
VisiVite
Protease IFC
TransFormation Professional Protocol
Recommended Articles
Herbal Boosters & COVID-19 Antivirals: Safe Mix?
Herbal supplements may interact with COVID-19 antivirals, requiring careful consideration and further research.
Top Immune Support Ingredients: What Works?
Vitamin D, zinc, and echinacea are key ingredients in immune support supplements, backed by scientific evidence.
Top Anti-Inflammatory Supplement Ingredients
Curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, CBD, and Vitamin D are proven to effectively reduce chronic inflammation.
Best Supplements for Cortisol Reduction: A Scientific Guide
Adaptogens like Ashwagandha and Rhodiola, along with Phosphatidylserine, are effective in reducing cortisol levels, supported by scientific studies.