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European Elderberry Concentrate

Also known as: European Elderberry, Black Elderberry, Sambucus nigra

Overview

European Elderberry (*Sambucus nigra*) is a botanical supplement derived from the fruits, flowers, and other parts of the plant, recognized for its traditional medicinal uses. Its berries are particularly rich in anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and various bioactive molecules. The extract is primarily employed for its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory effects, with a rich composition including anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-glucoside, as well as chlorogenic acid and rutin. Research maturity ranges from moderate to advanced, with numerous clinical trials and in vitro studies supporting its efficacy against upper respiratory symptoms and various viral infections, highlighting its potential as an immune support agent.

Benefits

European Black Elderberry extract is known for its significant antiviral properties, particularly demonstrated by its ability to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, with IC50 values ranging from 1:200 to 1:800 across different cell lines. A systematic review indicates that elderberry supplementation can effectively manage upper respiratory symptoms, although specific quantifiable metrics were not highlighted. Additionally, the extract exhibits immune-modulating effects by enhancing the expression of immune markers on dendritic cells. The general population appears to benefit the most from this supplement, particularly during cold and flu seasons; however, further specific studies are warranted for populations like the elderly or children.

How it works

European Elderberry exerts its antiviral effects primarily by inhibiting viral proteases, such as the papain-like protease and 3CLpro, critical proteins for the replication of viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, it modulates immune response by enhancing dendritic cell maturation and activation, thus stimulating T-cell responses. This dual-action mechanism not only targets viral replication but also strengthens the body’s immune response to infections, particularly in the respiratory system.

Side effects

European Elderberry is generally deemed safe for most people when used appropriately. Clinical evaluations have not reported significant adverse effects, with no common side effects exceeding 5% occurrence. Uncommon and rare side effects were also not identified within the examined sources. However, due to the absence of comprehensive interaction studies, caution is advised when integrating elderberry with other medications. Additionally, specific safety data for pregnant or breastfeeding women is lacking, thus consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended before use in these demographics.

Dosage

The recommended dosages for European Elderberry typically range from 2.5 to 5 mL of a liquid extract, standardized to a minimum of 3.2% anthocyanin content, taken up to three times daily for adults. For children aged 14-18 years, a dose of 2.5 mL up to three times daily is suggested. While maximum dosages are not explicitly outlined, it is advisable to adhere to the stated ranges for safety. Early administration is recommended to enhance antiviral effects, although specific timing guidelines were not provided.

FAQs

Is European Elderberry safe for everyone?

Generally, it is safe for most individuals when used as directed, but caution is advised, particularly for those who are pregnant or breastfeeding due to limited safety data.

When should I take European Elderberry for optimal results?

Early treatment during the onset of cold or flu symptoms is suggested to harness its antiviral benefits, although specific timing options are not detailed.

What benefits can I expect from taking Elderberry?

Users may experience a reduction in the severity and duration of upper respiratory symptoms while benefiting from its antiviral properties against various viruses.

Can elderberry cure viral infections?

Elderberry extracts are not a cure but may aid in symptom reduction and severity during viral illnesses.

Research Sources

https://www.mdpi.com/1661-3821/3/1/7 – This in vitro study finds European Black Elderberry extract effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in various human cell lines, with significant IC50 values indicating strong antiviral potential.
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/3949 – This study highlights the immune-modulatory effects of elderberry polysaccharides, which enhance the expression of immune markers on dendritic cells, suggesting potential applications in boosting immune responses.
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/10/11/2288 – The review consolidates data regarding the safety and efficacy of elderberry, reinforcing its safety profile and effectiveness in managing upper respiratory symptoms based on an array of clinical trials.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259696401_An_Evidence-Based_Systematic_Review_of_Elderberry_and_Elderflower_Sambucus_nigra_by_the_Natural_Standard_Research_Collaboration – This systematic review assesses a variety of studies related to elderberry, confirming its efficacy and safety in treating respiratory issues, while addressing potential for further research.
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-sambucus-nigra-l-fructus_en.pdf – The assessment report provides comprehensive evaluations of elderberry’s safety and efficacy within herbal contexts, underscoring its viability as a health supplement.