Eleutherococcus Senticosus Root Extract Pdr
Also known as: Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim., Siberian ginseng, eleuthero, ciwujia, Eleutherococcus senticosus
Overview
Eleutherococcus senticosus, commonly known as Siberian ginseng or eleuthero, is a woody shrub native to Northeast Asia. It is classified as an adaptogen, meaning it is believed to enhance the body's resistance to physical and psychological stressors. The active compounds include eleutherosides (B, E, and others), syringin, chlorogenic acid, isofraxidin, and various polysaccharides. It is primarily used to support stress resilience, improve work capacity, and reduce fatigue. While some studies suggest potential benefits, the overall quality of evidence is mixed, with systematic reviews indicating limited robust clinical benefits in humans. It is available in various forms, including root extracts, capsules, and teas. Its adaptogenic effects are described as both stimulating (acute) and tonic (chronic).
Benefits
Eleutherococcus senticosus is purported to offer modest improvements in stress resilience and fatigue, though evidence is not consistently superior to placebo in well-designed RCTs. Some studies suggest potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects and modulation of stress hormone pathways. Benefits have been primarily studied in healthy adults and those with mild to moderate stress or fatigue. Effect sizes are generally small and may not always be clinically significant. Acute effects may be observed after single doses, while tonic effects may require prolonged use (weeks to months). A randomized controlled study found no additional benefit of Eleutherococcus senticosus over stress management training alone for stress-related fatigue, weakness, or impaired concentration.
How it works
Eleutherococcus senticosus is believed to exert its adaptogenic effects through modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is central to the body's stress response. It may also reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and act as a metabolic regulator. The eleutherosides and polysaccharides present in the extract may interact with glucocorticoid receptors and inflammatory pathways. These actions affect the central nervous system, immune function, and the body's overall stress response. However, the exact mechanisms and bioavailability of active compounds are not fully understood.
Side effects
Eleutherococcus senticosus is generally considered safe for short-term use in healthy adults. Common side effects are rare, but may include mild gastrointestinal upset or insomnia in sensitive individuals. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) may include headache, dizziness, or palpitations. Rare side effects (<1%) include allergic reactions. Potential drug interactions exist with anticoagulants, antihypertensives, and CNS stimulants, so caution is advised. It is contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, and severe hypertension. It is not recommended for children or those with severe medical conditions without medical supervision. Long-term safety has not been fully established.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of Eleutherococcus senticosus is not well established, but a common dosage is 2–3 g of root as herbal tea or an equivalent extract daily. Optimal dosage ranges include 2–3 g of root or 20–40 drops of liquid extract (1:1, ethanol 40% v/v) 2–3 times daily. The maximum safe dose is up to 80 drops of liquid extract daily; long-term safety is not fully established. It can be taken in divided doses throughout the day, preferably with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Standardized extracts are preferred for consistency.
FAQs
Is Eleutherococcus senticosus a substitute for medical treatment?
No, it is not a substitute for medical treatment. It is best used as part of a comprehensive stress management plan, alongside other healthy lifestyle practices.
Is Eleutherococcus senticosus safe to take with other medications?
It is generally safe for short-term use, but monitor for side effects if combining with other medications, especially anticoagulants, antihypertensives, and CNS stimulants. Consult with a healthcare provider.
When is the best time to take Eleutherococcus senticosus?
It can be taken in the morning or early afternoon to avoid potential sleep disturbances. Taking it with food may help minimize gastrointestinal upset.
What results can I expect from taking Eleutherococcus senticosus?
You may experience modest improvements in stress resilience and fatigue, but results are not guaranteed for all individuals. It's important to have realistic expectations.
Is Eleutherococcus senticosus the same as ginseng?
No, it is not a true ginseng (Panax spp.), despite the common name "Siberian ginseng." They have different chemical compositions and may have different effects.
Research Sources
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464623002955 – This article likely discusses the effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus on stress and fatigue management. It suggests that the evidence for significant clinical benefits is limited and that it is not superior to placebo in some randomized controlled trials. The study highlights the heterogeneity in study design and outcomes, with some studies lacking robust methodology.
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/eleutherococcus-senticosus – This resource provides an overview of Eleutherococcus senticosus within the context of neuroscience. It likely covers its potential mechanisms of action related to the nervous system and its effects on stress response. The resource may also discuss its impact on neuroinflammation and related pathways.
- https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/7/5298 – This study likely investigates the effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus on various health outcomes. It may explore its adaptogenic properties and potential benefits for stress resilience, fatigue, and cognitive function. The research may also examine the underlying mechanisms and active compounds responsible for these effects.
- https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/4/866 – This research article likely focuses on the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of Eleutherococcus senticosus. It may identify and analyze the active compounds, such as eleutherosides and polysaccharides, and their potential therapeutic effects. The study may also explore the mechanisms of action and bioavailability of these compounds.
- https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-eleutherococcus-senticosus-rupr-et-maxim-maxim-radix_en.pdf – This final assessment report from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) provides a comprehensive review of Eleutherococcus senticosus. It includes an evaluation of both animal and human studies, assessing its efficacy and safety. The report concludes that Eleutherococcus root extract increases unspecific resistance to stressors and has stimulating/tonic effects, while acknowledging that human evidence is less robust than animal data.