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Echinacea Purpurea Seed Extract

Also known as: Purple coneflower, Echinacea, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, Echinacea purpurea

Overview

Echinacea purpurea is a perennial herbaceous plant native to North America and is well-known for its potential immune-boosting properties. It has been widely used in herbal medicine for years, predominantly aimed at preventing and treating upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), including the common cold. The plant's bioactive components encompass flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkylamides, which contribute to its suggested immunomodulatory effects. While research maturity is moderate, clinical trials and systematic reviews display mixed outcomes regarding its efficacy and method quality. Nevertheless, Echinacea is a frequently chosen herbal supplement, especially during cold seasons, for those seeking immune support.

Benefits

Echinacea purpurea has been studied for its potential benefits in preventing URTIs characterized by a risk ratio of 0.78 (95% CI 0.68-0.88), indicating a 22% reduction in infection incidence. It may also help reduce the severity and duration of URTI symptoms, although the strength of this evidence varies. Populations such as children might particularly benefit from its preventative qualities against recurrent infections. However, the clinical significance of these findings is often debated, and benefits may typically manifest weeks after beginning supplementation. Further high-quality research is necessary to substantiate and clarify these effects effectively.

How it works

Echinacea purpurea primarily functions through immunomodulation, stimulating immune responses by activating crucial immune cells, including macrophages and natural killer cells. Although the exact mechanisms remain unspecified, it is believed to modify cytokine production, enhancing overall immune cell activity. This interaction supports the body's defense mechanisms, aiding in the fighting off of infections.

Side effects

Echinacea purpurea is generally safe for short-term use, with the most commonly reported adverse effect being mild gastrointestinal complaints, experienced by more than 5% of users. Rare allergic reactions occur in 1-5% of cases, yet other severe side effects are not extensively documented. Individuals taking immunosuppressants should approach Echinacea with caution due to potential interactions. It is generally contraindicated for those with autoimmune diseases due to its immunostimulatory properties. Pregnant or breastfeeding women are advised to consult healthcare professionals, as there is limited safety data for these populations.

Dosage

The recommended dosage for Echinacea purpurea can significantly vary based on the preparation; typically, it ranges from 300-500 mg of dried herb or its equivalence in extract per day. While maximum safe dosages lack precise definitions, exceeding 1,000 mg daily is discouraged. The ideal time for consumption is either at the onset of cold symptoms or as a preventive measure during colder seasons. Specific recommendations may differ based on the form used (liquid extracts, capsules, or tablets), as variations in bioavailability are influenced by elements like the alcohol content in certain formulations.