Deanol Bitartrate
Also known as: Deanolo, Deaner, Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE)
Overview
DMAE is a naturally occurring compound that is primarily found in fatty fish, such as salmon, sardines, and anchovies. It can also be synthesized for use as a dietary supplement. Once used as a prescription medication to address behavioral issues in children, DMAE is now marketed for cognitive enhancement and mood improvement, and it is thought to provide potential benefits in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, ADHD, and autism. DMAE is known to increase choline levels in the brain, which can enhance the production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter critical for various brain functions. However, most of the current research on DMAE is outdated, lacking recent clinical trials and extensive scientific validation, making its efficacy questionable.
Benefits
Current evidence supporting the benefits of DMAE is minimal and primarily derived from older studies. Some research in animal models suggests potential improvements in cognitive functions, such as spatial memory, and mitigation of memory deficits induced by scopolamine. However, no substantial clinical evidence supports its efficacy in human populations, including those with cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's, ADHD, or autism. Therefore, due to the lack of rigorous, contemporary studies, the potential benefits are considered unreliable and not clinically significant at this time.
How it works
DMAE is believed to raise choline levels, resulting in an increase in acetylcholine production in the brain. Acetylcholine is a crucial neurotransmitter involved in learning, memory, and overall cognitive function. DMAE may also interact with cholinergic pathways, potentially influencing neurotransmission related to attention and memory processing. However, details regarding the exact bioavailability and absorption of DMAE when consumed as a supplement are limited.
Side effects
DMAE is generally considered possibly safe when taken orally at dosages of up to 2 grams daily for short durations. Common side effects occurring in more than 5% of users include stomach cramps, pain, diarrhea, drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting. Specific risk factors attach to its use, as it may interact with anticholinergic and cholinergic medications. Furthermore, DMAE is contraindicated in pregnant or breastfeeding women and those with schizophrenia. Caution is also warranted for children and individuals with pre-existing health conditions due to the absence of comprehensive safety data.
Dosage
Typical dosages for DMAE are not well-defined due to the lack of reliable studies. However, recommended dosages have been reported at 500 mg per day for a maximum of three months or up to 2 grams daily for short-term use. It is essential to follow product-specific dosing instructions, as DMAE may come in various forms, including capsules and powders. Timing and absorption factors remain unclear, and no upper safety thresholds have been established beyond the provided short-term usage guidelines.
FAQs
Is DMAE safe to use?
DMAE is possibly safe for short-term use; however, it should be used cautiously due to potential side effects and interactions with certain medications.
What should I do if I'm taking other medications?
Consult with a healthcare professional before using DMAE, especially if you're on anticholinergic or cholinergic medications.
What are the expected benefits of DMAE?
Evidence for DMAE benefits is limited and not reliably supported; many claims lack substantial modern research.
Can DMAE be taken during pregnancy?
No, DMAE is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation due to safety concerns.
How should I take DMAE supplements?
Follow the product-specific instructions for dosage and form; consult a healthcare provider for personalized guidance.
Research Sources
- https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-524/deanol – This source provides an overview of DMAE, discussing its roles, uses, potential benefits, and associated risks, highlighting its historical context and current marketing as a dietary supplement.
- https://www.healthline.com/health/senior-health/dmae – The article evaluates DMAE's safety, dosage recommendations, and potential cognitive effects, while emphasizing the lack of strong research to back its purported benefits.
- https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/194780/CONICET_Digital_Nro.2959a977-95c6-4fd4-a36c-e96a8f819f37_B.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y – This document reviews the neurobiological aspects of DMAE, discussing animal study findings related to cognition, while noting the need for further human research for validation.