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Bergamonte

Also known as: Bergamot, Bergamot extract, Bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF), Citrus bergamia

Overview

Bergamot, derived from the *Citrus bergamia* fruit, is a dietary supplement known for its rich polyphenol content. These polyphenols, including flavonoids like naringin, neohesperidin, and neoeriocitrin, contribute to its antioxidant properties and potential health benefits. Bergamot extracts are primarily used to support cardiovascular health, improve lipid profiles, and enhance metabolic function. Research suggests that bergamot may help reduce total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol. It is available in various forms, including standardized extracts and phytosome formulations, with the latter potentially enhancing absorption. While research is growing, more high-quality, large-scale studies are needed to fully understand its effects.

Benefits

Bergamot extracts have demonstrated several potential health benefits, primarily related to lipid profile improvement and metabolic health. Studies have shown significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, along with increases in HDL cholesterol. These improvements are particularly beneficial for overweight and obese individuals. Bergamot has also been associated with improved glucose metabolism, reduced inflammation, enhanced endothelial function, and improved vascular health. The antioxidant properties of bergamot extracts may further contribute to these benefits. While effect sizes vary across studies, benefits are typically observed within weeks to months of supplementation. A systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted bergamot's positive effects on lipid profiles, though more research is needed to fully understand its effects.

How it works

Bergamot's mechanism of action primarily involves the modulation of metabolic pathways by its polyphenols. These compounds influence lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. Bergamot interacts with the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, enhancing endothelial function and improving insulin sensitivity. The flavonoids present in bergamot may target enzymes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation. Phytosome formulations may enhance the absorption and bioavailability of these polyphenols, potentially increasing their effectiveness.

Side effects

Bergamot is generally considered safe when used as directed. Common side effects are not well-documented, but gastrointestinal upset is possible. Uncommon side effects, reported rarely, may include allergic reactions. Drug interactions are possible, particularly with medications affecting blood sugar or lipid levels. Caution is advised for individuals with diabetes or those taking lipid-lowering medications. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before use. While no contraindications are well-established, it is important to monitor for any adverse reactions and discontinue use if they occur.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of bergamot extract is typically around 150-350 mg per day of a standardized extract. Optimal dosage ranges are between 350-700 mg per day, depending on the formulation and desired effects. The maximum safe dose is not well-established, and high doses are generally not recommended without medical supervision. It is best taken with meals to enhance absorption. Phytosome formulations may offer better bioavailability. Food intake may affect absorption. There are no established required cofactors, but vitamin C may enhance flavonoid absorption.

FAQs

How should I take Bergamot for best results?

Take Bergamot with meals to enhance absorption. Follow the recommended dosage on the product label, typically between 350-700 mg per day, depending on the formulation.

Is Bergamot safe to take with other medications?

Bergamot may interact with medications affecting blood sugar or lipid levels. Consult with a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have diabetes or are taking lipid-lowering medications.

How long does it take to see results from Bergamot supplementation?

Improvements in lipid profiles and metabolic health may be observed within weeks to months of consistent supplementation. Individual results may vary.

What should I look for when choosing a Bergamot supplement?

Ensure the product is from a reputable source and contains a standardized extract. Phytosome formulations may offer better bioavailability. Check for third-party testing for purity and potency.

Is Bergamot a replacement for lifestyle changes?

No, Bergamot is not a cure-all for metabolic issues. It should be used in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise for optimal results.

Research Sources

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/21/3422 – This randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 80 overweight and obese patients showed that bergamot supplementation led to significant reductions in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference. The study also reported improvements in lipid profiles, suggesting bergamot's potential role in managing metabolic health.
https://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/Metabolic-and-vascular-effect-of-a-new-standardized-bergamot-phytocomplex-a-three,163368,0,2.html – This study investigated the metabolic and vascular effects of a new standardized bergamot phytocomplex. The results indicated that the phytocomplex had a positive impact on metabolic parameters and vascular function, suggesting its potential benefits for cardiovascular health.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.7647 – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of bergamot on lipid profiles. The analysis highlighted bergamot's positive effects on lipid profiles, indicating its potential as a supplement for managing cholesterol levels. However, the authors noted that more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36251526/ – This study focused on the effects of bergamot leaf extract in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. The findings demonstrated that the extract improved metabolic parameters and reduced inflammation, suggesting its potential therapeutic benefits for metabolic disorders.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408398.2019.1677554 – This research provides a comprehensive review of bergamot's properties and potential health benefits. It covers various aspects, including its chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and effects on cardiovascular and metabolic health, offering a broad overview of bergamot's potential applications.