Akkermansia Akkermansia muciniphila strain AH39
Also known as: Akkermansia muciniphila, Akkermansia muciniphila strain AH39
Overview
Akkermansia muciniphila is a bacterium naturally found in the human gut, recognized for its potential health benefits, particularly in modulating gut barrier function and improving metabolic health. As a probiotic, it is being explored for its ability to enhance gut health, modulate insulin resistance, and potentially treat metabolic disorders. Research indicates strain-specific effects, with strain AH39 showing promise. It is found naturally in the gut microbiome of humans. Research on Akkermansia muciniphila is still emerging, with increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggesting its efficacy. While some high-quality studies exist, more large-scale clinical trials are needed to fully understand its effects.
Benefits
Akkermansia muciniphila primarily improves gut barrier function, which can modulate insulin resistance and potentially reduce the risk of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Studies suggest it may also mitigate fatty liver disease by regulating L-aspartate metabolism. These benefits are particularly relevant for individuals with metabolic syndrome or impaired glucose regulation. The clinical significance and effect sizes can vary depending on the specific strain and study design. Consistent supplementation is likely required to observe these benefits. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses support these findings, although more human studies are needed to confirm these effects.
How it works
Akkermansia muciniphila modulates gut barrier integrity by influencing tight junction proteins, thereby affecting the permeability of the gut lining. It also influences metabolic pathways through the gut-liver axis, impacting glucose and lipid metabolism. The bacterium interacts with the gut microbiome and the broader metabolic system. Molecular targets include tight junction proteins and surface proteins related to COG0438, COG0463, and COG2244 genes. While the exact mechanisms are still being investigated, its ability to strengthen the gut barrier and modulate metabolic pathways is central to its beneficial effects.
Side effects
Akkermansia muciniphila is generally considered safe, but long-term effects are not yet fully understood. Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort such as bloating and gas. Uncommon side effects may include allergic reactions. Rare side effects could involve systemic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. It may interact with immunosuppressants or antibiotics, potentially altering their efficacy. Immunocompromised individuals should consult a healthcare provider before use. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also seek medical advice before supplementing with Akkermansia muciniphila. While generally safe, caution is advised, especially for vulnerable populations.
Dosage
While a minimum effective dose has not been definitively established, Akkermansia muciniphila is typically included in probiotic formulations. Optimal dosage ranges are variable and often depend on the specific probiotic blend. A maximum safe dose has not been established. Consistent daily dosing is generally recommended. It is commonly available in capsule or powder form. Gut colonization is a key factor for its effectiveness. There are no established required cofactors. As a probiotic, it's important to follow product-specific dosing guidelines and consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
FAQs
How should I store Akkermansia muciniphila?
Store in a cool, dry place to maintain the viability of the probiotic bacteria. Avoid exposure to heat and moisture.
Is Akkermansia muciniphila safe for everyone?
Generally safe, but immunocompromised individuals should consult a healthcare provider before use to avoid potential risks of systemic infection.
When should I take Akkermansia muciniphila?
Take consistently with meals to enhance gut colonization and maximize potential metabolic benefits. Follow product-specific instructions.
What results can I expect from taking Akkermansia muciniphila?
Improved gut health and potential metabolic benefits are expected. It's not a cure-all but a component of a broader health strategy.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9135416/ – This systematic review explores the potential of Akkermansia muciniphila in modulating obesity and improving metabolic health. The findings suggest promise in preclinical models, highlighting the need for further human studies to validate these effects and understand the underlying mechanisms.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8161007/ – This study investigates the impact of Akkermansia muciniphila on gut and metabolic health in mouse models through a meta-analysis. The results indicate improvements in both gut and metabolic health, underscoring the potential of this bacterium. However, the study's limitations include its focus on animal models, necessitating further research in human populations to confirm these findings.
- https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.022 – This experimental study examines the strain-specific effects of Akkermansia muciniphila on gut barrier function using animal and cell models. The findings reveal that different strains exhibit varying impacts on gut barrier integrity, providing mechanistic insights into their potential health benefits. The study's limitation lies in its reliance on non-human data, emphasizing the need for validation in human clinical trials.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/8/1627 – This study investigates the role of Akkermansia muciniphila in mitigating fatty liver disease by regulating L-aspartate metabolism. The research provides insights into the mechanisms by which this bacterium may influence liver health. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in human populations and to explore the potential therapeutic applications.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1484656/full – This research article explores the potential of Akkermansia muciniphila in improving gut health and metabolic function. The study highlights the importance of Akkermansia muciniphila as a beneficial gut bacterium. Further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and clinical applications.