Achyranthes
Also known as: Achyranthes bidentata Blume, Huai Niu Xi, Ox Knee, Achyranthes bidentata
Overview
Achyranthes bidentata, commonly known as Huai Niu Xi or Ox Knee, is a plant used in traditional medicine across Asia, particularly in China and India. The root is the primary part used, valued for its purported ability to strengthen muscles and bones, tonify the liver and kidney, and act as a diuretic. The plant contains a diverse array of over 270 metabolites, including terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Current research is exploring its potential antiosteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, it's important to note that the quality of evidence varies, and more clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in humans. It is available primarily as a root extract and is often incorporated into traditional herbal formulations.
Benefits
Achyranthes bidentata root extract (ABBRE) has shown potential in increasing bone mineral density, particularly in osteoporotic animal models. A meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in bone mineral density in rats (SMD = 1.64, 95% CI = 0.52 to 2.77). This suggests a potential antiosteoporotic benefit, although human studies are needed to confirm these findings. Traditional uses also suggest benefits for muscle and bone weakness, potentially benefiting older adults or individuals with osteoporosis. Additionally, research indicates anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and immunoregulatory activities, though further investigation is required to determine the clinical significance of these effects in humans.
How it works
The precise mechanisms of action of Achyranthes bidentata are not fully elucidated. It is believed to interact with bone metabolism pathways, potentially influencing bone mineral density. Additionally, it may modulate inflammatory processes and interact with the immune system. While specific molecular targets are not well-documented, the diverse array of metabolites present in the plant suggests multiple potential mechanisms. Further research is needed to fully understand how Achyranthes bidentata interacts with various body systems at a molecular level.
Side effects
While Achyranthes bidentata is generally considered safe based on traditional use, comprehensive safety data in humans are lacking. Common side effects are not well-documented. Potential, though not specifically reported, side effects include gastrointestinal issues. Rare side effects are currently unknown. There is a potential for interactions with medications affecting liver or kidney function, though these interactions are not well-studied. Due to a lack of safety data, it is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Caution is advised for individuals with pre-existing kidney or liver diseases. Further research is needed to fully characterize the safety profile of Achyranthes bidentata.
Dosage
Currently, there is no established minimum effective dose for Achyranthes bidentata in humans. Animal studies have used doses up to 400 mg/kg/day. The maximum safe dose in humans has not been determined. There are no specific timing recommendations for its use. It is typically used as a root extract. Information regarding absorption factors and required cofactors is currently unavailable. Due to the limited data, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before using Achyranthes bidentata to determine an appropriate and safe dosage.
FAQs
Should I consult a healthcare provider before using Achyranthes bidentata?
Yes, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you are considering it for osteoporosis or other health conditions, to ensure it is appropriate for your individual health status.
Is Achyranthes bidentata safe to use?
While traditionally used, comprehensive safety data are lacking. Consult with a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications.
What are the expected results from using Achyranthes bidentata?
Potential benefits for bone health have been observed in animal studies, but more research is needed to confirm these effects in humans. Results may vary, and it is not a proven treatment for human osteoporosis without further clinical trials.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39363520/ – A meta-analysis of 11 studies (222 animals) found that Achyranthes bidentata root extract (ABBRE) increased bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats with treatment durations ≤ 12 weeks. While this provides strong evidence in animal models, human data is still needed to confirm these findings.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32293681/ – This review provides a comprehensive overview of the phytochemicals present in Achyranthes bidentata and their potential pharmacological activities. It highlights the diverse metabolites found in the plant, but does not include clinical trial data.
- https://academic.oup.com/jpp/article/76/8/930/7643912?login=false – This study characterized the components and metabolites of Achyranthes bidentata in Sprague Dawley rats, identifying compounds in plasma and brain tissue. While providing detailed chemical analysis, it lacks direct clinical relevance to human health outcomes.
- https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/12/2840 – This research focuses on the chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentata and their potential biological activities. It provides a detailed analysis of the plant's components, contributing to a better understanding of its pharmacological properties.
- https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/acm.2017.0302 – This study investigates the effects of Achyranthes bidentata on bone health and osteoporosis. It explores the potential mechanisms by which the plant may improve bone density and reduce bone loss, providing insights into its therapeutic potential.
